French reference
espérer
to hope
Stem change · 19 form tables
Includes indicative, conditional, subjunctive and imperative forms. Literary categories and supplied participle agreement forms are labeled separately.
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Indicative
Present
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I hope |
| tu | you hope |
| il/elle/on | he/she hopes |
| nous | we hope |
| vous | you (plural/formal) hope |
| ils/elles | they hope |
Compound past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I hoped; I have hoped |
| tu | you hoped; you have hoped |
| il/elle/on | he/she hoped; he/she has hoped |
| nous | we hoped; we have hoped |
| vous | you (plural/formal) hoped; you (plural/formal) have hoped |
| ils/elles | they hoped; they have hoped |
Imperfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I used to hope |
| tu | you used to hope |
| il/elle/on | he/she used to hope |
| nous | we used to hope |
| vous | you (plural/formal) used to hope |
| ils/elles | they used to hope |
Pluperfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I had hoped |
| tu | you had hoped |
| il/elle/on | he/she had hoped |
| nous | we had hoped |
| vous | you (plural/formal) had hoped |
| ils/elles | they had hoped |
Future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I will hope |
| tu | you will hope |
| il/elle/on | he/she will hope |
| nous | we will hope |
| vous | you (plural/formal) will hope |
| ils/elles | they will hope |
Future perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I will have hoped |
| tu | you will have hoped |
| il/elle/on | he/she will have hoped |
| nous | we will have hoped |
| vous | you (plural/formal) will have hoped |
| ils/elles | they will have hoped |
Near future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I am going to hope |
| tu | you are going to hope |
| il/elle/on | he/she is going to hope |
| nous | we are going to hope |
| vous | you (plural/formal) are going to hope |
| ils/elles | they are going to hope |
Recent past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I have just hoped |
| tu | you have just hoped |
| il/elle/on | he/she has just hoped |
| nous | we have just hoped |
| vous | you (plural/formal) have just hoped |
| ils/elles | they have just hoped |
Simple past (literary)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I hoped |
| tu | you hoped |
| il/elle/on | he/she hoped |
| nous | we hoped |
| vous | you (plural/formal) hoped |
| ils/elles | they hoped |
Past anterior (literary)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I had hoped |
| tu | you had hoped |
| il/elle/on | he/she had hoped |
| nous | we had hoped |
| vous | you (plural/formal) had hoped |
| ils/elles | they had hoped |
Conditional
Conditional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I would hope |
| tu | you would hope |
| il/elle/on | he/she would hope |
| nous | we would hope |
| vous | you (plural/formal) would hope |
| ils/elles | they would hope |
Past conditional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I would have hoped |
| tu | you would have hoped |
| il/elle/on | he/she would have hoped |
| nous | we would have hoped |
| vous | you (plural/formal) would have hoped |
| ils/elles | they would have hoped |
Past conditional, second form (literary)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I would have hoped |
| tu | you would have hoped |
| il/elle/on | he/she would have hoped |
| nous | we would have hoped |
| vous | you (plural/formal) would have hoped |
| ils/elles | they would have hoped |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | (that) I hope |
| tu | (that) you hope |
| il/elle/on | (that) he/she hopes |
| nous | (that) we hope |
| vous | (that) you (plural/formal) hope |
| ils/elles | (that) they hope |
Past subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | (that) I have hoped |
| tu | (that) you have hoped |
| il/elle/on | (that) he/she has hoped |
| nous | (that) we have hoped |
| vous | (that) you (plural/formal) have hoped |
| ils/elles | (that) they have hoped |
Imperfect subjunctive (literary)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | (that) I hoped |
| tu | (that) you hoped |
| il/elle/on | (that) he/she hoped |
| nous | (that) we hoped |
| vous | (that) you (plural/formal) hoped |
| ils/elles | (that) they hoped |
Pluperfect subjunctive (literary)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | (that) I had hoped |
| tu | (that) you had hoped |
| il/elle/on | (that) he/she had hoped |
| nous | (that) we had hoped |
| vous | (that) you (plural/formal) had hoped |
| ils/elles | (that) they had hoped |
Imperative
Imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| tu | hope! |
| nous | let's hope! |
| vous | hope! (plural/formal) |
Past imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| tu | have hoped by then! |
| nous | let's have hoped by then! |
| vous | have hoped by then! (plural/formal) |
Additional forms
- Gerund
- Present participle
- Past participle
- / / /
- Past infinitive
- Perfect participle
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all French entries.