French reference
lire
to read
Irregular · 19 form tables
Includes indicative, conditional, subjunctive and imperative forms. Literary categories and supplied participle agreement forms are labeled separately.
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Indicative
Present
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I read |
| tu | you read |
| il/elle/on | he/she reads |
| nous | we read |
| vous | you (plural/formal) read |
| ils/elles | they read |
Compound past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I read; I have read |
| tu | you read; you have read |
| il/elle/on | he/she read; he/she has read |
| nous | we read; we have read |
| vous | you (plural/formal) read; you (plural/formal) have read |
| ils/elles | they read; they have read |
Imperfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I used to read |
| tu | you used to read |
| il/elle/on | he/she used to read |
| nous | we used to read |
| vous | you (plural/formal) used to read |
| ils/elles | they used to read |
Pluperfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I had read |
| tu | you had read |
| il/elle/on | he/she had read |
| nous | we had read |
| vous | you (plural/formal) had read |
| ils/elles | they had read |
Future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I will read |
| tu | you will read |
| il/elle/on | he/she will read |
| nous | we will read |
| vous | you (plural/formal) will read |
| ils/elles | they will read |
Future perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I will have read |
| tu | you will have read |
| il/elle/on | he/she will have read |
| nous | we will have read |
| vous | you (plural/formal) will have read |
| ils/elles | they will have read |
Near future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I am going to read |
| tu | you are going to read |
| il/elle/on | he/she is going to read |
| nous | we are going to read |
| vous | you (plural/formal) are going to read |
| ils/elles | they are going to read |
Recent past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I have just read |
| tu | you have just read |
| il/elle/on | he/she has just read |
| nous | we have just read |
| vous | you (plural/formal) have just read |
| ils/elles | they have just read |
Simple past (literary)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I read |
| tu | you read |
| il/elle/on | he/she read |
| nous | we read |
| vous | you (plural/formal) read |
| ils/elles | they read |
Past anterior (literary)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I had read |
| tu | you had read |
| il/elle/on | he/she had read |
| nous | we had read |
| vous | you (plural/formal) had read |
| ils/elles | they had read |
Conditional
Conditional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I would read |
| tu | you would read |
| il/elle/on | he/she would read |
| nous | we would read |
| vous | you (plural/formal) would read |
| ils/elles | they would read |
Past conditional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I would have read |
| tu | you would have read |
| il/elle/on | he/she would have read |
| nous | we would have read |
| vous | you (plural/formal) would have read |
| ils/elles | they would have read |
Past conditional, second form (literary)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I would have read |
| tu | you would have read |
| il/elle/on | he/she would have read |
| nous | we would have read |
| vous | you (plural/formal) would have read |
| ils/elles | they would have read |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | (that) I read |
| tu | (that) you read |
| il/elle/on | (that) he/she reads |
| nous | (that) we read |
| vous | (that) you (plural/formal) read |
| ils/elles | (that) they read |
Past subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | (that) I have read |
| tu | (that) you have read |
| il/elle/on | (that) he/she has read |
| nous | (that) we have read |
| vous | (that) you (plural/formal) have read |
| ils/elles | (that) they have read |
Imperfect subjunctive (literary)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | (that) I read |
| tu | (that) you read |
| il/elle/on | (that) he/she read |
| nous | (that) we read |
| vous | (that) you (plural/formal) read |
| ils/elles | (that) they read |
Pluperfect subjunctive (literary)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | (that) I had read |
| tu | (that) you had read |
| il/elle/on | (that) he/she had read |
| nous | (that) we had read |
| vous | (that) you (plural/formal) had read |
| ils/elles | (that) they had read |
Imperative
Imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| tu | read! |
| nous | let's read! |
| vous | read! (plural/formal) |
Past imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| tu | have read by then! |
| nous | let's have read by then! |
| vous | have read by then! (plural/formal) |
Additional forms
- Gerund
- Present participle
- Past participle
- / / /
- Past infinitive
- Perfect participle
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all French entries.