French reference
semer
to sow
Stem change · 19 form tables
Includes indicative, conditional, subjunctive and imperative forms. Literary categories and supplied participle agreement forms are labeled separately.
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Indicative
Present
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I sow |
| tu | you sow |
| il/elle/on | he/she sows |
| nous | we sow |
| vous | you (plural/formal) sow |
| ils/elles | they sow |
Compound past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I sowed; I have sowed |
| tu | you sowed; you have sowed |
| il/elle/on | he/she sowed; he/she has sowed |
| nous | we sowed; we have sowed |
| vous | you (plural/formal) sowed; you (plural/formal) have sowed |
| ils/elles | they sowed; they have sowed |
Imperfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I used to sow |
| tu | you used to sow |
| il/elle/on | he/she used to sow |
| nous | we used to sow |
| vous | you (plural/formal) used to sow |
| ils/elles | they used to sow |
Pluperfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I had sowed |
| tu | you had sowed |
| il/elle/on | he/she had sowed |
| nous | we had sowed |
| vous | you (plural/formal) had sowed |
| ils/elles | they had sowed |
Future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I will sow |
| tu | you will sow |
| il/elle/on | he/she will sow |
| nous | we will sow |
| vous | you (plural/formal) will sow |
| ils/elles | they will sow |
Future perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I will have sowed |
| tu | you will have sowed |
| il/elle/on | he/she will have sowed |
| nous | we will have sowed |
| vous | you (plural/formal) will have sowed |
| ils/elles | they will have sowed |
Near future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I am going to sow |
| tu | you are going to sow |
| il/elle/on | he/she is going to sow |
| nous | we are going to sow |
| vous | you (plural/formal) are going to sow |
| ils/elles | they are going to sow |
Recent past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I have just sowed |
| tu | you have just sowed |
| il/elle/on | he/she has just sowed |
| nous | we have just sowed |
| vous | you (plural/formal) have just sowed |
| ils/elles | they have just sowed |
Simple past (literary)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I sowed |
| tu | you sowed |
| il/elle/on | he/she sowed |
| nous | we sowed |
| vous | you (plural/formal) sowed |
| ils/elles | they sowed |
Past anterior (literary)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I had sowed |
| tu | you had sowed |
| il/elle/on | he/she had sowed |
| nous | we had sowed |
| vous | you (plural/formal) had sowed |
| ils/elles | they had sowed |
Conditional
Conditional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I would sow |
| tu | you would sow |
| il/elle/on | he/she would sow |
| nous | we would sow |
| vous | you (plural/formal) would sow |
| ils/elles | they would sow |
Past conditional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I would have sowed |
| tu | you would have sowed |
| il/elle/on | he/she would have sowed |
| nous | we would have sowed |
| vous | you (plural/formal) would have sowed |
| ils/elles | they would have sowed |
Past conditional, second form (literary)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | I would have sowed |
| tu | you would have sowed |
| il/elle/on | he/she would have sowed |
| nous | we would have sowed |
| vous | you (plural/formal) would have sowed |
| ils/elles | they would have sowed |
Subjunctive
Present subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | (that) I sow |
| tu | (that) you sow |
| il/elle/on | (that) he/she sows |
| nous | (that) we sow |
| vous | (that) you (plural/formal) sow |
| ils/elles | (that) they sow |
Past subjunctive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | (that) I have sowed |
| tu | (that) you have sowed |
| il/elle/on | (that) he/she has sowed |
| nous | (that) we have sowed |
| vous | (that) you (plural/formal) have sowed |
| ils/elles | (that) they have sowed |
Imperfect subjunctive (literary)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | (that) I sowed |
| tu | (that) you sowed |
| il/elle/on | (that) he/she sowed |
| nous | (that) we sowed |
| vous | (that) you (plural/formal) sowed |
| ils/elles | (that) they sowed |
Pluperfect subjunctive (literary)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| je | (that) I had sowed |
| tu | (that) you had sowed |
| il/elle/on | (that) he/she had sowed |
| nous | (that) we had sowed |
| vous | (that) you (plural/formal) had sowed |
| ils/elles | (that) they had sowed |
Imperative
Imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| tu | sow! |
| nous | let's sow! |
| vous | sow! (plural/formal) |
Past imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| tu | have sowed by then! |
| nous | let's have sowed by then! |
| vous | have sowed by then! (plural/formal) |
Additional forms
- Gerund
- Present participle
- Past participle
- / / /
- Past infinitive
- Perfect participle
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all French entries.