German reference
erschrecken
to frighten, scare; to get a fright
Stem change · 13 form tables
Includes indicative, subjunctive I and II, and imperative forms. Separable verbs retain their word order in each form.
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Indicative
Present
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I frighten someone; I am startled |
| du | you frighten someone; you are startled |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it frightens someone; he/she/it is startled |
| wir | we frighten someone; we are startled |
| ihr | you (plural) frighten someone; you (plural) are startled |
| sie/Sie | they frighten someone; you (formal) frighten someone; they are startled; you (formal) are startled |
Simple past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I frightened someone; I was startled |
| du | you frightened someone; you were startled |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it frightened someone; he/she/it was startled |
| wir | we frightened someone; we were startled |
| ihr | you (plural) frightened someone; you (plural) were startled |
| sie/Sie | they frightened someone; you (formal) frightened someone; they were startled; you (formal) were startled |
Compound past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I frightened someone; I have frightened someone; I was startled; I have been startled |
| du | you frightened someone; you have frightened someone; you were startled; you have been startled |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it frightened someone; he/she/it has frightened someone; he/she/it was startled; he/she/it has been startled |
| wir | we frightened someone; we have frightened someone; we were startled; we have been startled |
| ihr | you (plural) frightened someone; you (plural) have frightened someone; you (plural) were startled; you (plural) have been startled |
| sie/Sie | they frightened someone; they have frightened someone; you (formal) frightened someone; you (formal) have frightened someone; they were startled; they have been startled; you (formal) were startled; you (formal) have been startled |
Past perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I had frightened someone; I had been startled |
| du | you had frightened someone; you had been startled |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it had frightened someone; he/she/it had been startled |
| wir | we had frightened someone; we had been startled |
| ihr | you (plural) had frightened someone; you (plural) had been startled |
| sie/Sie | they had frightened someone; you (formal) had frightened someone; they had been startled; you (formal) had been startled |
Future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I will frighten someone; I will be startled |
| du | you will frighten someone; you will be startled |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it will frighten someone; he/she/it will be startled |
| wir | we will frighten someone; we will be startled |
| ihr | you (plural) will frighten someone; you (plural) will be startled |
| sie/Sie | they will frighten someone; you (formal) will frighten someone; they will be startled; you (formal) will be startled |
Future perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I will have frightened someone; I will have been startled |
| du | you will have frightened someone; you will have been startled |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it will have frightened someone; he/she/it will have been startled |
| wir | we will have frightened someone; we will have been startled |
| ihr | you (plural) will have frightened someone; you (plural) will have been startled |
| sie/Sie | they will have frightened someone; you (formal) will have frightened someone; they will have been startled; you (formal) will have been startled |
Subjunctive
Subjunctive I
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | (that) I frighten someone; (that) I am startled |
| du | (that) you frighten someone; (that) you are startled |
| er/sie/es | (that) he/she/it frightens someone; (that) he/she/it is startled |
| wir | (that) we frighten someone; (that) we are startled |
| ihr | (that) you (plural) frighten someone; (that) you (plural) are startled |
| sie/Sie | (that) they frighten someone; (that) you (formal) frighten someone; (that) they are startled; (that) you (formal) are startled |
Subjunctive II
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I would frighten someone; I would be startled |
| du | you would frighten someone; you would be startled |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it would frighten someone; he/she/it would be startled |
| wir | we would frighten someone; we would be startled |
| ihr | you (plural) would frighten someone; you (plural) would be startled |
| sie/Sie | they would frighten someone; you (formal) would frighten someone; they would be startled; you (formal) would be startled |
Past subjunctive II
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I would have frightened someone; I would have been startled |
| du | you would have frightened someone; you would have been startled |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it would have frightened someone; he/she/it would have been startled |
| wir | we would have frightened someone; we would have been startled |
| ihr | you (plural) would have frightened someone; you (plural) would have been startled |
| sie/Sie | they would have frightened someone; you (formal) would have frightened someone; they would have been startled; you (formal) would have been startled |
Would form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I would frighten someone; I would be startled |
| du | you would frighten someone; you would be startled |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it would frighten someone; he/she/it would be startled |
| wir | we would frighten someone; we would be startled |
| ihr | you (plural) would frighten someone; you (plural) would be startled |
| sie/Sie | they would frighten someone; you (formal) would frighten someone; they would be startled; you (formal) would be startled |
Past subjunctive I
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | (reportedly) I have frightened someone; (reportedly) I have been startled |
| du | (reportedly) you have frightened someone; (reportedly) you have been startled |
| er/sie/es | (reportedly) he/she/it has frightened someone; (reportedly) he/she/it has been startled |
| wir | (reportedly) we have frightened someone; (reportedly) we have been startled |
| ihr | (reportedly) you (plural) have frightened someone; (reportedly) you (plural) have been startled |
| sie/Sie | (reportedly) they have frightened someone; (reportedly) you (formal) have frightened someone; (reportedly) they have been startled; (reportedly) you (formal) have been startled |
Future subjunctive I
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | (reportedly) I will frighten someone; (reportedly) I will be startled |
| du | (reportedly) you will frighten someone; (reportedly) you will be startled |
| er/sie/es | (reportedly) he/she/it will frighten someone; (reportedly) he/she/it will be startled |
| wir | (reportedly) we will frighten someone; (reportedly) we will be startled |
| ihr | (reportedly) you (plural) will frighten someone; (reportedly) you (plural) will be startled |
| sie/Sie | (reportedly) they will frighten someone; (reportedly) you (formal) will frighten someone; (reportedly) they will be startled; (reportedly) you (formal) will be startled |
Imperative
Imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| du | frighten someone!; be startled! |
| ihr | frighten someone! (plural); be startled! (plural) |
| sie/Sie | frighten someone! (formal); be startled! (formal) |
Additional forms
- Infinitive with zu
- Present participle
- Past participle
- /
- Past infinitive
- /
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all German entries.