German reference
lesen
to read
Stem change · 13 form tables
Includes indicative, subjunctive I and II, and imperative forms. Separable verbs retain their word order in each form.
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Indicative
Present
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I read |
| du | you read |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it reads |
| wir | we read |
| ihr | you (plural) read |
| sie/Sie | they read; you (formal) read |
Simple past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I read |
| du | you read |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it read |
| wir | we read |
| ihr | you (plural) read |
| sie/Sie | they read; you (formal) read |
Compound past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I read; I have read |
| du | you read; you have read |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it read; he/she/it has read |
| wir | we read; we have read |
| ihr | you (plural) read; you (plural) have read |
| sie/Sie | they read; they have read; you (formal) read; you (formal) have read |
Past perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I had read |
| du | you had read |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it had read |
| wir | we had read |
| ihr | you (plural) had read |
| sie/Sie | they had read; you (formal) had read |
Future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I will read |
| du | you will read |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it will read |
| wir | we will read |
| ihr | you (plural) will read |
| sie/Sie | they will read; you (formal) will read |
Future perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I will have read |
| du | you will have read |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it will have read |
| wir | we will have read |
| ihr | you (plural) will have read |
| sie/Sie | they will have read; you (formal) will have read |
Subjunctive
Subjunctive I
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | (that) I read |
| du | (that) you read |
| er/sie/es | (that) he/she/it reads |
| wir | (that) we read |
| ihr | (that) you (plural) read |
| sie/Sie | (that) they read; (that) you (formal) read |
Subjunctive II
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I would read |
| du | you would read |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it would read |
| wir | we would read |
| ihr | you (plural) would read |
| sie/Sie | they would read; you (formal) would read |
Past subjunctive II
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I would have read |
| du | you would have read |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it would have read |
| wir | we would have read |
| ihr | you (plural) would have read |
| sie/Sie | they would have read; you (formal) would have read |
Would form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | I would read |
| du | you would read |
| er/sie/es | he/she/it would read |
| wir | we would read |
| ihr | you (plural) would read |
| sie/Sie | they would read; you (formal) would read |
Past subjunctive I
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | (reportedly) I have read |
| du | (reportedly) you have read |
| er/sie/es | (reportedly) he/she/it has read |
| wir | (reportedly) we have read |
| ihr | (reportedly) you (plural) have read |
| sie/Sie | (reportedly) they have read; (reportedly) you (formal) have read |
Future subjunctive I
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ich | (reportedly) I will read |
| du | (reportedly) you will read |
| er/sie/es | (reportedly) he/she/it will read |
| wir | (reportedly) we will read |
| ihr | (reportedly) you (plural) will read |
| sie/Sie | (reportedly) they will read; (reportedly) you (formal) will read |
Imperative
Imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| du | read! |
| ihr | read! (plural) |
| sie/Sie | read! (formal) |
Additional forms
- Infinitive with zu
- Present participle
- Past participle
- Past infinitive
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all German entries.