Japanese reference
予習する
よしゅうする
to prepare for a lesson
Irregular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | よしゅうする (yoshuusuru)prepare for a lesson |
| Polite, masu | よしゅうします (yoshuushimasu)prepare for a lesson |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | よしゅうしない (yoshuushinai)do not prepare for a lesson |
| Polite negative | よしゅうしません (yoshuushimasen)do not prepare for a lesson |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | よしゅうした (yoshuushita)prepared for a lesson |
| Polite past | よしゅうしました (yoshuushimashita)prepared for a lesson |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | よしゅうしなかった (yoshuushinakatta)did not prepare for a lesson |
| Polite past negative | よしゅうしませんでした (yoshuushimasendeshita)did not prepare for a lesson |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | よしゅうして (yoshuushite)preparing for a lesson (and then) |
| Polite te-form | よしゅうしまして (yoshuushimashite)preparing for a lesson (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | よしゅうしている (yoshuushiteiru)be preparing for a lesson |
| Polite te-iru | よしゅうしています (yoshuushiteimasu)be preparing for a lesson |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | よしゅうすれば (yoshuusureba)if you prepare for a lesson |
| Rare literary polite conditional | よしゅうしますれば (yoshuushimasureba)if you prepare for a lesson (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | よしゅうしたら (yoshuushitara)if you prepare for a lesson |
| Polite conditional, tara | よしゅうしましたら (yoshuushimashitara)if you prepare for a lesson |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | よしゅうできる (yoshuudekiru)can prepare for a lesson |
| Polite potential | よしゅうできます (yoshuudekimasu)can prepare for a lesson |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | よしゅうしよう (yoshuushiyou)let's prepare for a lesson! |
| Polite volitional | よしゅうしましょう (yoshuushimashou)let's prepare for a lesson! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | よしゅうしたい (yoshuushitai)want to prepare for a lesson |
| Polite desire, tai | よしゅうしたいです (yoshuushitaidesu)want to prepare for a lesson |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | よしゅうされる (yoshuusareru)be affected when someone prepares for a lesson |
| Polite passive | よしゅうされます (yoshuusaremasu)be affected when someone prepares for a lesson |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | よしゅうさせる (yoshuusaseru)make or let someone prepare for a lesson |
| Polite causative | よしゅうさせます (yoshuusasemasu)make or let someone prepare for a lesson |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | よしゅうさせられる (yoshuusaserareru)be made to prepare for a lesson |
| Polite causative-passive | よしゅうさせられます (yoshuusaseraremasu)be made to prepare for a lesson |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | よしゅうするな (yoshuusuruna)do not prepare for a lesson! |
| Polite negative request | よしゅうしないでください (yoshuushinaidekudasai)please do not prepare for a lesson |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | よしゅうします (yoshuushimasu)prepare for a lesson |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | よしゅうしません (yoshuushimasen)do not prepare for a lesson |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | よしゅうしました (yoshuushimashita)prepared for a lesson |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | よしゅうしませんでした (yoshuushimasendeshita)did not prepare for a lesson |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | よしゅうしてください (yoshuushitekudasai)please prepare for a lesson |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | よしゅうしないでください (yoshuushinaidekudasai)please do not prepare for a lesson |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | よしゅうしましょう (yoshuushimashou)let's prepare for a lesson! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | よしゅうしてもいい (yoshuushitemoii)may prepare for a lesson |
| Polite permission | よしゅうしてもいいです (yoshuushitemoiidesu)may prepare for a lesson |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | よしゅうしてはいけない (yoshuushitehaikenai)must not prepare for a lesson |
| Polite prohibition | よしゅうしてはいけません (yoshuushitehaikemasen)must not prepare for a lesson |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | よしゅうしなさい (yoshuushinasai)prepare for a lesson (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | よしゅうしてみる (yoshuushitemiru)try to prepare for a lesson |
| Polite try doing | よしゅうしてみます (yoshuushitemimasu)try to prepare for a lesson |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | よしゅうしてしまう (yoshuushiteshimau)prepare for a lesson completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | よしゅうしてしまいます (yoshuushiteshimaimasu)prepare for a lesson completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | よしゅうしておく (yoshuushiteoku)prepare for a lesson in advance |
| Polite preparation | よしゅうしておきます (yoshuushiteokimasu)prepare for a lesson in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | よしゅうしたことがある (yoshuushitakotogaaru)have the experience of: prepared for a lesson |
| Polite past experience | よしゅうしたことがあります (yoshuushitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: prepared for a lesson |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | よしゅうすると (yoshuusuruto)whenever you prepare for a lesson |
| Polite automatic result | よしゅうしますと (yoshuushimasuto)whenever you prepare for a lesson |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | よしゅうするなら (yoshuusurunara)if you mean to prepare for a lesson |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | よしゅうするだろう (yoshuusurudarou)probably prepare for a lesson |
| Polite probability | よしゅうするでしょう (yoshuusurudeshou)probably prepare for a lesson |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | よしゅうしろ (yoshuushiro)prepare for a lesson! |
| Polite request | よしゅうしてください (yoshuushitekudasai)please prepare for a lesson |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.