Japanese reference
代わる
かわる
to take someone's place
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | かわる (kawaru)take someone's place |
| Polite, masu | かわります (kawarimasu)take someone's place |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | かわらない (kawaranai)do not take someone's place |
| Polite negative | かわりません (kawarimasen)do not take someone's place |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | かわった (kawatta)took someone's place |
| Polite past | かわりました (kawarimashita)took someone's place |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | かわらなかった (kawaranakatta)did not take someone's place |
| Polite past negative | かわりませんでした (kawarimasendeshita)did not take someone's place |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | かわって (kawatte)taking someone's place (and then) |
| Polite te-form | かわりまして (kawarimashite)taking someone's place (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | かわっている (kawatteiru)be taking someone's place |
| Polite te-iru | かわっています (kawatteimasu)be taking someone's place |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | かわれば (kawareba)if you take someone's place |
| Rare literary polite conditional | かわりますれば (kawarimasureba)if you take someone's place (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | かわったら (kawattara)if you take someone's place |
| Polite conditional, tara | かわりましたら (kawarimashitara)if you take someone's place |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | かわれる (kawareru)can take someone's place |
| Polite potential | かわれます (kawaremasu)can take someone's place |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | かわろう (kawarou)let's take someone's place! |
| Polite volitional | かわりましょう (kawarimashou)let's take someone's place! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | かわりたい (kawaritai)want to take someone's place |
| Polite desire, tai | かわりたいです (kawaritaidesu)want to take someone's place |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | かわられる (kawarareru)be affected when someone takes someone's place |
| Polite passive | かわられます (kawararemasu)be affected when someone takes someone's place |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | かわらせる (kawaraseru)make or let someone take someone's place |
| Polite causative | かわらせます (kawarasemasu)make or let someone take someone's place |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | かわらせられる (kawaraserareru)be made to take someone's place |
| Polite causative-passive | かわらせられます (kawaraseraremasu)be made to take someone's place |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | かわるな (kawaruna)do not take someone's place! |
| Polite negative request | かわらないでください (kawaranaidekudasai)please do not take someone's place |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | かわります (kawarimasu)take someone's place |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | かわりません (kawarimasen)do not take someone's place |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | かわりました (kawarimashita)took someone's place |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | かわりませんでした (kawarimasendeshita)did not take someone's place |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | かわってください (kawattekudasai)please take someone's place |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | かわらないでください (kawaranaidekudasai)please do not take someone's place |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | かわりましょう (kawarimashou)let's take someone's place! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | かわってもいい (kawattemoii)may take someone's place |
| Polite permission | かわってもいいです (kawattemoiidesu)may take someone's place |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | かわってはいけない (kawattehaikenai)must not take someone's place |
| Polite prohibition | かわってはいけません (kawattehaikemasen)must not take someone's place |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | かわりなさい (kawarinasai)take someone's place (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | かわってみる (kawattemiru)try to take someone's place |
| Polite try doing | かわってみます (kawattemimasu)try to take someone's place |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | かわってしまう (kawatteshimau)take someone's place completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | かわってしまいます (kawatteshimaimasu)take someone's place completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | かわっておく (kawatteoku)take someone's place in advance |
| Polite preparation | かわっておきます (kawatteokimasu)take someone's place in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | かわったことがある (kawattakotogaaru)have the experience of: took someone's place |
| Polite past experience | かわったことがあります (kawattakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: took someone's place |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | かわると (kawaruto)whenever you take someone's place |
| Polite automatic result | かわりますと (kawarimasuto)whenever you take someone's place |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | かわるなら (kawarunara)if you mean to take someone's place |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | かわるだろう (kawarudarou)probably take someone's place |
| Polite probability | かわるでしょう (kawarudeshou)probably take someone's place |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | かわれ (kaware)take someone's place! |
| Polite request | かわってください (kawattekudasai)please take someone's place |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.