Japanese reference
刻む
きざむ
to chop finely, mince
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | きざむ (kizamu)chop finely |
| Polite, masu | きざみます (kizamimasu)chop finely |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | きざまない (kizamanai)do not chop finely |
| Polite negative | きざみません (kizamimasen)do not chop finely |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | きざんだ (kizanda)chopped finely |
| Polite past | きざみました (kizamimashita)chopped finely |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | きざまなかった (kizamanakatta)did not chop finely |
| Polite past negative | きざみませんでした (kizamimasendeshita)did not chop finely |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | きざんで (kizande)chopping finely (and then) |
| Polite te-form | きざみまして (kizamimashite)chopping finely (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | きざんでいる (kizandeiru)be chopping finely |
| Polite te-iru | きざんでいます (kizandeimasu)be chopping finely |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | きざめば (kizameba)if you chop finely |
| Rare literary polite conditional | きざみますれば (kizamimasureba)if you chop finely (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | きざんだら (kizandara)if you chop finely |
| Polite conditional, tara | きざみましたら (kizamimashitara)if you chop finely |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | きざめる (kizameru)can chop finely |
| Polite potential | きざめます (kizamemasu)can chop finely |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | きざもう (kizamou)let's chop finely! |
| Polite volitional | きざみましょう (kizamimashou)let's chop finely! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | きざみたい (kizamitai)want to chop finely |
| Polite desire, tai | きざみたいです (kizamitaidesu)want to chop finely |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | きざまれる (kizamareru)be affected when someone chops finely |
| Polite passive | きざまれます (kizamaremasu)be affected when someone chops finely |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | きざませる (kizamaseru)make or let someone chop finely |
| Polite causative | きざませます (kizamasemasu)make or let someone chop finely |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | きざませられる (kizamaserareru)be made to chop finely |
| Polite causative-passive | きざませられます (kizamaseraremasu)be made to chop finely |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | きざむな (kizamuna)do not chop finely! |
| Polite negative request | きざまないでください (kizamanaidekudasai)please do not chop finely |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | きざみます (kizamimasu)chop finely |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | きざみません (kizamimasen)do not chop finely |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | きざみました (kizamimashita)chopped finely |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | きざみませんでした (kizamimasendeshita)did not chop finely |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | きざんでください (kizandekudasai)please chop finely |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | きざまないでください (kizamanaidekudasai)please do not chop finely |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | きざみましょう (kizamimashou)let's chop finely! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | きざんでもいい (kizandemoii)may chop finely |
| Polite permission | きざんでもいいです (kizandemoiidesu)may chop finely |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | きざんではいけない (kizandehaikenai)must not chop finely |
| Polite prohibition | きざんではいけません (kizandehaikemasen)must not chop finely |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | きざみなさい (kizaminasai)chop finely (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | きざんでみる (kizandemiru)try to chop finely |
| Polite try doing | きざんでみます (kizandemimasu)try to chop finely |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | きざんでしまう (kizandeshimau)chop finely completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | きざんでしまいます (kizandeshimaimasu)chop finely completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | きざんでおく (kizandeoku)chop finely in advance |
| Polite preparation | きざんでおきます (kizandeokimasu)chop finely in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | きざんだことがある (kizandakotogaaru)have the experience of: chopped finely |
| Polite past experience | きざんだことがあります (kizandakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: chopped finely |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | きざむと (kizamuto)whenever you chop finely |
| Polite automatic result | きざみますと (kizamimasuto)whenever you chop finely |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | きざむなら (kizamunara)if you mean to chop finely |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | きざむだろう (kizamudarou)probably chop finely |
| Polite probability | きざむでしょう (kizamudeshou)probably chop finely |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | きざめ (kizame)chop finely! |
| Polite request | きざんでください (kizandekudasai)please chop finely |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.