Japanese reference
効く
きく
to take effect; to work (of medicine, air conditioning)
Regular · 18 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | きく (kiku)something takes effect |
| Polite, masu | ききます (kikimasu)something takes effect |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | きかない (kikanai)something does not take effect |
| Polite negative | ききません (kikimasen)something does not take effect |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | きいた (kiita)something took effect |
| Polite past | ききました (kikimashita)something took effect |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | きかなかった (kikanakatta)something did not take effect |
| Polite past negative | ききませんでした (kikimasendeshita)something did not take effect |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | きいて (kiite)taking effect (and then) |
| Polite te-form | ききまして (kikimashite)taking effect (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | きいている (kiiteiru)something is in effect |
| Polite te-iru | きいています (kiiteimasu)something is in effect |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | きけば (kikeba)if something takes effect |
| Rare literary polite conditional | ききますれば (kikimasureba)if something takes effect (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | きいたら (kiitara)if something takes effect |
| Polite conditional, tara | ききましたら (kikimashitara)if something takes effect |
Voice
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | きかせる (kikaseru)cause something to take effect |
| Polite causative | きかせます (kikasemasu)cause something to take effect |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | ききます (kikimasu)something takes effect |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | ききません (kikimasen)something does not take effect |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | ききました (kikimashita)something took effect |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | ききませんでした (kikimasendeshita)something did not take effect |
Aspect
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | きいてしまう (kiiteshimau)something takes effect completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | きいてしまいます (kiiteshimaimasu)something takes effect completely or regrettably |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | きいたことがある (kiitakotogaaru)have the experience of: something took effect |
| Polite past experience | きいたことがあります (kiitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: something took effect |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | きくと (kikuto)whenever you something takes effect |
| Polite automatic result | ききますと (kikimasuto)whenever you something takes effect |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | きくなら (kikunara)if you mean to something takes effect |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | きくだろう (kikudarou)probably something takes effect |
| Polite probability | きくでしょう (kikudeshou)probably something takes effect |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.