Japanese reference
勝つ
かつ
to win
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | かつ (katsu)win |
| Polite, masu | かちます (kachimasu)win |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | かたない (katanai)do not win |
| Polite negative | かちません (kachimasen)do not win |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | かった (katta)won |
| Polite past | かちました (kachimashita)won |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | かたなかった (katanakatta)did not win |
| Polite past negative | かちませんでした (kachimasendeshita)did not win |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | かって (katte)winning (and then) |
| Polite te-form | かちまして (kachimashite)winning (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | かっている (katteiru)be winning |
| Polite te-iru | かっています (katteimasu)be winning |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | かてば (kateba)if you win |
| Rare literary polite conditional | かちますれば (kachimasureba)if you win (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | かったら (kattara)if you win |
| Polite conditional, tara | かちましたら (kachimashitara)if you win |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | かてる (kateru)can win |
| Polite potential | かてます (katemasu)can win |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | かとう (katou)let's win! |
| Polite volitional | かちましょう (kachimashou)let's win! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | かちたい (kachitai)want to win |
| Polite desire, tai | かちたいです (kachitaidesu)want to win |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | かたれる (katareru)be affected when someone wins |
| Polite passive | かたれます (kataremasu)be affected when someone wins |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | かたせる (kataseru)make or let someone win |
| Polite causative | かたせます (katasemasu)make or let someone win |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | かたせられる (kataserareru)be made to win |
| Polite causative-passive | かたせられます (kataseraremasu)be made to win |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | かつな (katsuna)do not win! |
| Polite negative request | かたないでください (katanaidekudasai)please do not win |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | かちます (kachimasu)win |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | かちません (kachimasen)do not win |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | かちました (kachimashita)won |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | かちませんでした (kachimasendeshita)did not win |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | かってください (kattekudasai)please win |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | かたないでください (katanaidekudasai)please do not win |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | かちましょう (kachimashou)let's win! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | かってもいい (kattemoii)may win |
| Polite permission | かってもいいです (kattemoiidesu)may win |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | かってはいけない (kattehaikenai)must not win |
| Polite prohibition | かってはいけません (kattehaikemasen)must not win |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | かちなさい (kachinasai)win (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | かってみる (kattemiru)try to win |
| Polite try doing | かってみます (kattemimasu)try to win |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | かってしまう (katteshimau)win completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | かってしまいます (katteshimaimasu)win completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | かっておく (katteoku)win in advance |
| Polite preparation | かっておきます (katteokimasu)win in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | かったことがある (kattakotogaaru)have the experience of: won |
| Polite past experience | かったことがあります (kattakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: won |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | かつと (katsuto)whenever you win |
| Polite automatic result | かちますと (kachimasuto)whenever you win |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | かつなら (katsunara)if you mean to win |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | かつだろう (katsudarou)probably win |
| Polite probability | かつでしょう (katsudeshou)probably win |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | かて (kate)win! |
| Polite request | かってください (kattekudasai)please win |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.