Japanese reference
取る
とる
to take
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | とる (toru)take |
| Polite, masu | とります (torimasu)take |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | とらない (toranai)do not take |
| Polite negative | とりません (torimasen)do not take |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | とった (totta)took |
| Polite past | とりました (torimashita)took |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | とらなかった (toranakatta)did not take |
| Polite past negative | とりませんでした (torimasendeshita)did not take |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | とって (totte)taking (and then) |
| Polite te-form | とりまして (torimashite)taking (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | とっている (totteiru)be taking |
| Polite te-iru | とっています (totteimasu)be taking |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | とれば (toreba)if you take |
| Rare literary polite conditional | とりますれば (torimasureba)if you take (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | とったら (tottara)if you take |
| Polite conditional, tara | とりましたら (torimashitara)if you take |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | とれる (toreru)can take |
| Polite potential | とれます (toremasu)can take |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | とろう (torou)let's take! |
| Polite volitional | とりましょう (torimashou)let's take! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | とりたい (toritai)want to take |
| Polite desire, tai | とりたいです (toritaidesu)want to take |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | とられる (torareru)be affected when someone takes |
| Polite passive | とられます (toraremasu)be affected when someone takes |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | とらせる (toraseru)make or let someone take |
| Polite causative | とらせます (torasemasu)make or let someone take |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | とらせられる (toraserareru)be made to take |
| Polite causative-passive | とらせられます (toraseraremasu)be made to take |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | とるな (toruna)do not take! |
| Polite negative request | とらないでください (toranaidekudasai)please do not take |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | とります (torimasu)take |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | とりません (torimasen)do not take |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | とりました (torimashita)took |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | とりませんでした (torimasendeshita)did not take |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | とってください (tottekudasai)please take |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | とらないでください (toranaidekudasai)please do not take |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | とりましょう (torimashou)let's take! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | とってもいい (tottemoii)may take |
| Polite permission | とってもいいです (tottemoiidesu)may take |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | とってはいけない (tottehaikenai)must not take |
| Polite prohibition | とってはいけません (tottehaikemasen)must not take |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | とりなさい (torinasai)take (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | とってみる (tottemiru)try to take |
| Polite try doing | とってみます (tottemimasu)try to take |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | とってしまう (totteshimau)take completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | とってしまいます (totteshimaimasu)take completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | とっておく (totteoku)take in advance |
| Polite preparation | とっておきます (totteokimasu)take in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | とったことがある (tottakotogaaru)have the experience of: took |
| Polite past experience | とったことがあります (tottakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: took |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | とると (toruto)whenever you take |
| Polite automatic result | とりますと (torimasuto)whenever you take |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | とるなら (torunara)if you mean to take |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | とるだろう (torudarou)probably take |
| Polite probability | とるでしょう (torudeshou)probably take |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | とれ (tore)take! |
| Polite request | とってください (tottekudasai)please take |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.