Japanese reference
叫ぶ
さけぶ
to shout
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | さけぶ (sakebu)shout |
| Polite, masu | さけびます (sakebimasu)shout |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | さけばない (sakebanai)do not shout |
| Polite negative | さけびません (sakebimasen)do not shout |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | さけんだ (sakenda)shouted |
| Polite past | さけびました (sakebimashita)shouted |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | さけばなかった (sakebanakatta)did not shout |
| Polite past negative | さけびませんでした (sakebimasendeshita)did not shout |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | さけんで (sakende)shouting (and then) |
| Polite te-form | さけびまして (sakebimashite)shouting (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | さけんでいる (sakendeiru)be shouting |
| Polite te-iru | さけんでいます (sakendeimasu)be shouting |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | さけべば (sakebeba)if you shout |
| Rare literary polite conditional | さけびますれば (sakebimasureba)if you shout (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | さけんだら (sakendara)if you shout |
| Polite conditional, tara | さけびましたら (sakebimashitara)if you shout |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | さけべる (sakeberu)can shout |
| Polite potential | さけべます (sakebemasu)can shout |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | さけぼう (sakebou)let's shout! |
| Polite volitional | さけびましょう (sakebimashou)let's shout! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | さけびたい (sakebitai)want to shout |
| Polite desire, tai | さけびたいです (sakebitaidesu)want to shout |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | さけばれる (sakebareru)be affected when someone shouts |
| Polite passive | さけばれます (sakebaremasu)be affected when someone shouts |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | さけばせる (sakebaseru)make or let someone shout |
| Polite causative | さけばせます (sakebasemasu)make or let someone shout |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | さけばせられる (sakebaserareru)be made to shout |
| Polite causative-passive | さけばせられます (sakebaseraremasu)be made to shout |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | さけぶな (sakebuna)do not shout! |
| Polite negative request | さけばないでください (sakebanaidekudasai)please do not shout |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | さけびます (sakebimasu)shout |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | さけびません (sakebimasen)do not shout |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | さけびました (sakebimashita)shouted |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | さけびませんでした (sakebimasendeshita)did not shout |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | さけんでください (sakendekudasai)please shout |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | さけばないでください (sakebanaidekudasai)please do not shout |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | さけびましょう (sakebimashou)let's shout! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | さけんでもいい (sakendemoii)may shout |
| Polite permission | さけんでもいいです (sakendemoiidesu)may shout |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | さけんではいけない (sakendehaikenai)must not shout |
| Polite prohibition | さけんではいけません (sakendehaikemasen)must not shout |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | さけびなさい (sakebinasai)shout (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | さけんでみる (sakendemiru)try to shout |
| Polite try doing | さけんでみます (sakendemimasu)try to shout |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | さけんでしまう (sakendeshimau)shout completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | さけんでしまいます (sakendeshimaimasu)shout completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | さけんでおく (sakendeoku)shout in advance |
| Polite preparation | さけんでおきます (sakendeokimasu)shout in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | さけんだことがある (sakendakotogaaru)have the experience of: shouted |
| Polite past experience | さけんだことがあります (sakendakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: shouted |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | さけぶと (sakebuto)whenever you shout |
| Polite automatic result | さけびますと (sakebimasuto)whenever you shout |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | さけぶなら (sakebunara)if you mean to shout |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | さけぶだろう (sakebudarou)probably shout |
| Polite probability | さけぶでしょう (sakebudeshou)probably shout |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | さけべ (sakebe)shout! |
| Polite request | さけんでください (sakendekudasai)please shout |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.