Japanese reference
座る
すわる
to sit down
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | すわる (suwaru)sit down |
| Polite, masu | すわります (suwarimasu)sit down |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | すわらない (suwaranai)do not sit down |
| Polite negative | すわりません (suwarimasen)do not sit down |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | すわった (suwatta)sat down |
| Polite past | すわりました (suwarimashita)sat down |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | すわらなかった (suwaranakatta)did not sit down |
| Polite past negative | すわりませんでした (suwarimasendeshita)did not sit down |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | すわって (suwatte)sitting down (and then) |
| Polite te-form | すわりまして (suwarimashite)sitting down (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | すわっている (suwatteiru)be seated |
| Polite te-iru | すわっています (suwatteimasu)be seated |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | すわれば (suwareba)if you sit down |
| Rare literary polite conditional | すわりますれば (suwarimasureba)if you sit down (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | すわったら (suwattara)if you sit down |
| Polite conditional, tara | すわりましたら (suwarimashitara)if you sit down |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | すわれる (suwareru)can sit down |
| Polite potential | すわれます (suwaremasu)can sit down |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | すわろう (suwarou)let's sit down! |
| Polite volitional | すわりましょう (suwarimashou)let's sit down! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | すわりたい (suwaritai)want to sit down |
| Polite desire, tai | すわりたいです (suwaritaidesu)want to sit down |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | すわられる (suwarareru)be affected when someone sits down |
| Polite passive | すわられます (suwararemasu)be affected when someone sits down |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | すわらせる (suwaraseru)make or let someone sit down |
| Polite causative | すわらせます (suwarasemasu)make or let someone sit down |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | すわらせられる (suwaraserareru)be made to sit down |
| Polite causative-passive | すわらせられます (suwaraseraremasu)be made to sit down |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | すわるな (suwaruna)do not sit down! |
| Polite negative request | すわらないでください (suwaranaidekudasai)please do not sit down |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | すわります (suwarimasu)sit down |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | すわりません (suwarimasen)do not sit down |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | すわりました (suwarimashita)sat down |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | すわりませんでした (suwarimasendeshita)did not sit down |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | すわってください (suwattekudasai)please sit down |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | すわらないでください (suwaranaidekudasai)please do not sit down |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | すわりましょう (suwarimashou)let's sit down! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | すわってもいい (suwattemoii)may sit down |
| Polite permission | すわってもいいです (suwattemoiidesu)may sit down |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | すわってはいけない (suwattehaikenai)must not sit down |
| Polite prohibition | すわってはいけません (suwattehaikemasen)must not sit down |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | すわりなさい (suwarinasai)sit down (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | すわってみる (suwattemiru)try to sit down |
| Polite try doing | すわってみます (suwattemimasu)try to sit down |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | すわってしまう (suwatteshimau)sit down completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | すわってしまいます (suwatteshimaimasu)sit down completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | すわっておく (suwatteoku)sit down in advance |
| Polite preparation | すわっておきます (suwatteokimasu)sit down in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | すわったことがある (suwattakotogaaru)have the experience of: sat down |
| Polite past experience | すわったことがあります (suwattakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: sat down |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | すわると (suwaruto)whenever you sit down |
| Polite automatic result | すわりますと (suwarimasuto)whenever you sit down |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | すわるなら (suwarunara)if you mean to sit down |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | すわるだろう (suwarudarou)probably sit down |
| Polite probability | すわるでしょう (suwarudeshou)probably sit down |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | すわれ (suware)sit down! |
| Polite request | すわってください (suwattekudasai)please sit down |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.