Japanese reference
暮らす
くらす
to live; to get by
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | くらす (kurasu)live |
| Polite, masu | くらします (kurashimasu)live |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | くらさない (kurasanai)do not live |
| Polite negative | くらしません (kurashimasen)do not live |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | くらした (kurashita)lived |
| Polite past | くらしました (kurashimashita)lived |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | くらさなかった (kurasanakatta)did not live |
| Polite past negative | くらしませんでした (kurashimasendeshita)did not live |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | くらして (kurashite)living (and then) |
| Polite te-form | くらしまして (kurashimashite)living (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | くらしている (kurashiteiru)be living |
| Polite te-iru | くらしています (kurashiteimasu)be living |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | くらせば (kuraseba)if you live |
| Rare literary polite conditional | くらしますれば (kurashimasureba)if you live (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | くらしたら (kurashitara)if you live |
| Polite conditional, tara | くらしましたら (kurashimashitara)if you live |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | くらせる (kuraseru)can live |
| Polite potential | くらせます (kurasemasu)can live |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | くらそう (kurasou)let's live! |
| Polite volitional | くらしましょう (kurashimashou)let's live! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | くらしたい (kurashitai)want to live |
| Polite desire, tai | くらしたいです (kurashitaidesu)want to live |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | くらされる (kurasareru)be affected when someone lives |
| Polite passive | くらされます (kurasaremasu)be affected when someone lives |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | くらさせる (kurasaseru)make or let someone live |
| Polite causative | くらさせます (kurasasemasu)make or let someone live |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | くらさせられる (kurasaserareru)be made to live |
| Polite causative-passive | くらさせられます (kurasaseraremasu)be made to live |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | くらすな (kurasuna)do not live! |
| Polite negative request | くらさないでください (kurasanaidekudasai)please do not live |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | くらします (kurashimasu)live |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | くらしません (kurashimasen)do not live |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | くらしました (kurashimashita)lived |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | くらしませんでした (kurashimasendeshita)did not live |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | くらしてください (kurashitekudasai)please live |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | くらさないでください (kurasanaidekudasai)please do not live |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | くらしましょう (kurashimashou)let's live! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | くらしてもいい (kurashitemoii)may live |
| Polite permission | くらしてもいいです (kurashitemoiidesu)may live |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | くらしてはいけない (kurashitehaikenai)must not live |
| Polite prohibition | くらしてはいけません (kurashitehaikemasen)must not live |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | くらしなさい (kurashinasai)live (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | くらしてみる (kurashitemiru)try to live |
| Polite try doing | くらしてみます (kurashitemimasu)try to live |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | くらしてしまう (kurashiteshimau)live completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | くらしてしまいます (kurashiteshimaimasu)live completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | くらしておく (kurashiteoku)live in advance |
| Polite preparation | くらしておきます (kurashiteokimasu)live in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | くらしたことがある (kurashitakotogaaru)have the experience of: lived |
| Polite past experience | くらしたことがあります (kurashitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: lived |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | くらすと (kurasuto)whenever you live |
| Polite automatic result | くらしますと (kurashimasuto)whenever you live |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | くらすなら (kurasunara)if you mean to live |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | くらすだろう (kurasudarou)probably live |
| Polite probability | くらすでしょう (kurasudeshou)probably live |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | くらせ (kurase)live! |
| Polite request | くらしてください (kurashitekudasai)please live |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.