Japanese reference
曲がる
まがる
to turn, bend
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | まがる (magaru)turn |
| Polite, masu | まがります (magarimasu)turn |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | まがらない (magaranai)do not turn |
| Polite negative | まがりません (magarimasen)do not turn |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | まがった (magatta)turned |
| Polite past | まがりました (magarimashita)turned |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | まがらなかった (magaranakatta)did not turn |
| Polite past negative | まがりませんでした (magarimasendeshita)did not turn |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | まがって (magatte)turning (and then) |
| Polite te-form | まがりまして (magarimashite)turning (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | まがっている (magatteiru)be turning |
| Polite te-iru | まがっています (magatteimasu)be turning |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | まがれば (magareba)if you turn |
| Rare literary polite conditional | まがりますれば (magarimasureba)if you turn (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | まがったら (magattara)if you turn |
| Polite conditional, tara | まがりましたら (magarimashitara)if you turn |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | まがれる (magareru)can turn |
| Polite potential | まがれます (magaremasu)can turn |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | まがろう (magarou)let's turn! |
| Polite volitional | まがりましょう (magarimashou)let's turn! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | まがりたい (magaritai)want to turn |
| Polite desire, tai | まがりたいです (magaritaidesu)want to turn |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | まがられる (magarareru)be affected when someone turns |
| Polite passive | まがられます (magararemasu)be affected when someone turns |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | まがらせる (magaraseru)make or let someone turn |
| Polite causative | まがらせます (magarasemasu)make or let someone turn |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | まがらせられる (magaraserareru)be made to turn |
| Polite causative-passive | まがらせられます (magaraseraremasu)be made to turn |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | まがるな (magaruna)do not turn! |
| Polite negative request | まがらないでください (magaranaidekudasai)please do not turn |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | まがります (magarimasu)turn |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | まがりません (magarimasen)do not turn |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | まがりました (magarimashita)turned |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | まがりませんでした (magarimasendeshita)did not turn |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | まがってください (magattekudasai)please turn |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | まがらないでください (magaranaidekudasai)please do not turn |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | まがりましょう (magarimashou)let's turn! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | まがってもいい (magattemoii)may turn |
| Polite permission | まがってもいいです (magattemoiidesu)may turn |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | まがってはいけない (magattehaikenai)must not turn |
| Polite prohibition | まがってはいけません (magattehaikemasen)must not turn |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | まがりなさい (magarinasai)turn (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | まがってみる (magattemiru)try to turn |
| Polite try doing | まがってみます (magattemimasu)try to turn |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | まがってしまう (magatteshimau)turn completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | まがってしまいます (magatteshimaimasu)turn completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | まがっておく (magatteoku)turn in advance |
| Polite preparation | まがっておきます (magatteokimasu)turn in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | まがったことがある (magattakotogaaru)have the experience of: turned |
| Polite past experience | まがったことがあります (magattakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: turned |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | まがると (magaruto)whenever you turn |
| Polite automatic result | まがりますと (magarimasuto)whenever you turn |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | まがるなら (magarunara)if you mean to turn |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | まがるだろう (magarudarou)probably turn |
| Polite probability | まがるでしょう (magarudeshou)probably turn |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | まがれ (magare)turn! |
| Polite request | まがってください (magattekudasai)please turn |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.