Japanese reference
楽しむ
たのしむ
to enjoy
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | たのしむ (tanoshimu)enjoy |
| Polite, masu | たのしみます (tanoshimimasu)enjoy |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | たのしまない (tanoshimanai)do not enjoy |
| Polite negative | たのしみません (tanoshimimasen)do not enjoy |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | たのしんだ (tanoshinda)enjoyed |
| Polite past | たのしみました (tanoshimimashita)enjoyed |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | たのしまなかった (tanoshimanakatta)did not enjoy |
| Polite past negative | たのしみませんでした (tanoshimimasendeshita)did not enjoy |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | たのしんで (tanoshinde)enjoying (and then) |
| Polite te-form | たのしみまして (tanoshimimashite)enjoying (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | たのしんでいる (tanoshindeiru)be enjoying |
| Polite te-iru | たのしんでいます (tanoshindeimasu)be enjoying |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | たのしめば (tanoshimeba)if you enjoy |
| Rare literary polite conditional | たのしみますれば (tanoshimimasureba)if you enjoy (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | たのしんだら (tanoshindara)if you enjoy |
| Polite conditional, tara | たのしみましたら (tanoshimimashitara)if you enjoy |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | たのしめる (tanoshimeru)can enjoy |
| Polite potential | たのしめます (tanoshimemasu)can enjoy |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | たのしもう (tanoshimou)let's enjoy! |
| Polite volitional | たのしみましょう (tanoshimimashou)let's enjoy! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | たのしみたい (tanoshimitai)want to enjoy |
| Polite desire, tai | たのしみたいです (tanoshimitaidesu)want to enjoy |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | たのしまれる (tanoshimareru)be affected when someone enjoys |
| Polite passive | たのしまれます (tanoshimaremasu)be affected when someone enjoys |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | たのしませる (tanoshimaseru)make or let someone enjoy |
| Polite causative | たのしませます (tanoshimasemasu)make or let someone enjoy |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | たのしませられる (tanoshimaserareru)be made to enjoy |
| Polite causative-passive | たのしませられます (tanoshimaseraremasu)be made to enjoy |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | たのしむな (tanoshimuna)do not enjoy! |
| Polite negative request | たのしまないでください (tanoshimanaidekudasai)please do not enjoy |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | たのしみます (tanoshimimasu)enjoy |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | たのしみません (tanoshimimasen)do not enjoy |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | たのしみました (tanoshimimashita)enjoyed |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | たのしみませんでした (tanoshimimasendeshita)did not enjoy |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | たのしんでください (tanoshindekudasai)please enjoy |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | たのしまないでください (tanoshimanaidekudasai)please do not enjoy |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | たのしみましょう (tanoshimimashou)let's enjoy! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | たのしんでもいい (tanoshindemoii)may enjoy |
| Polite permission | たのしんでもいいです (tanoshindemoiidesu)may enjoy |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | たのしんではいけない (tanoshindehaikenai)must not enjoy |
| Polite prohibition | たのしんではいけません (tanoshindehaikemasen)must not enjoy |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | たのしみなさい (tanoshiminasai)enjoy (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | たのしんでみる (tanoshindemiru)try to enjoy |
| Polite try doing | たのしんでみます (tanoshindemimasu)try to enjoy |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | たのしんでしまう (tanoshindeshimau)enjoy completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | たのしんでしまいます (tanoshindeshimaimasu)enjoy completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | たのしんでおく (tanoshindeoku)enjoy in advance |
| Polite preparation | たのしんでおきます (tanoshindeokimasu)enjoy in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | たのしんだことがある (tanoshindakotogaaru)have the experience of: enjoyed |
| Polite past experience | たのしんだことがあります (tanoshindakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: enjoyed |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | たのしむと (tanoshimuto)whenever you enjoy |
| Polite automatic result | たのしみますと (tanoshimimasuto)whenever you enjoy |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | たのしむなら (tanoshimunara)if you mean to enjoy |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | たのしむだろう (tanoshimudarou)probably enjoy |
| Polite probability | たのしむでしょう (tanoshimudeshou)probably enjoy |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | たのしめ (tanoshime)enjoy! |
| Polite request | たのしんでください (tanoshindekudasai)please enjoy |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.