Japanese reference
消す
けす
to turn off; to erase
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | けす (kesu)turn something off |
| Polite, masu | けします (keshimasu)turn something off |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | けさない (kesanai)do not turn something off |
| Polite negative | けしません (keshimasen)do not turn something off |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | けした (keshita)turned something off |
| Polite past | けしました (keshimashita)turned something off |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | けさなかった (kesanakatta)did not turn something off |
| Polite past negative | けしませんでした (keshimasendeshita)did not turn something off |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | けして (keshite)turning something off (and then) |
| Polite te-form | けしまして (keshimashite)turning something off (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | けしている (keshiteiru)be turning something off |
| Polite te-iru | けしています (keshiteimasu)be turning something off |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | けせば (keseba)if you turn something off |
| Rare literary polite conditional | けしますれば (keshimasureba)if you turn something off (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | けしたら (keshitara)if you turn something off |
| Polite conditional, tara | けしましたら (keshimashitara)if you turn something off |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | けせる (keseru)can turn something off |
| Polite potential | けせます (kesemasu)can turn something off |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | けそう (kesou)let's turn something off! |
| Polite volitional | けしましょう (keshimashou)let's turn something off! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | けしたい (keshitai)want to turn something off |
| Polite desire, tai | けしたいです (keshitaidesu)want to turn something off |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | けされる (kesareru)be turned off |
| Polite passive | けされます (kesaremasu)be turned off |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | けさせる (kesaseru)make or let someone turn something off |
| Polite causative | けさせます (kesasemasu)make or let someone turn something off |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | けさせられる (kesaserareru)be made to turn something off |
| Polite causative-passive | けさせられます (kesaseraremasu)be made to turn something off |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | けすな (kesuna)do not turn something off! |
| Polite negative request | けさないでください (kesanaidekudasai)please do not turn something off |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | けします (keshimasu)turn something off |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | けしません (keshimasen)do not turn something off |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | けしました (keshimashita)turned something off |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | けしませんでした (keshimasendeshita)did not turn something off |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | けしてください (keshitekudasai)please turn something off |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | けさないでください (kesanaidekudasai)please do not turn something off |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | けしましょう (keshimashou)let's turn something off! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | けしてもいい (keshitemoii)may turn something off |
| Polite permission | けしてもいいです (keshitemoiidesu)may turn something off |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | けしてはいけない (keshitehaikenai)must not turn something off |
| Polite prohibition | けしてはいけません (keshitehaikemasen)must not turn something off |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | けしなさい (keshinasai)turn something off (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | けしてみる (keshitemiru)try to turn something off |
| Polite try doing | けしてみます (keshitemimasu)try to turn something off |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | けしてしまう (keshiteshimau)turn something off completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | けしてしまいます (keshiteshimaimasu)turn something off completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | けしておく (keshiteoku)turn something off in advance |
| Polite preparation | けしておきます (keshiteokimasu)turn something off in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | けしたことがある (keshitakotogaaru)have the experience of: turned something off |
| Polite past experience | けしたことがあります (keshitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: turned something off |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | けすと (kesuto)whenever you turn something off |
| Polite automatic result | けしますと (keshimasuto)whenever you turn something off |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | けすなら (kesunara)if you mean to turn something off |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | けすだろう (kesudarou)probably turn something off |
| Polite probability | けすでしょう (kesudeshou)probably turn something off |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | けせ (kese)turn something off! |
| Polite request | けしてください (keshitekudasai)please turn something off |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.