Japanese reference
潰す
つぶす
to crush; to pass time
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | つぶす (tsubusu)crush something |
| Polite, masu | つぶします (tsubushimasu)crush something |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | つぶさない (tsubusanai)do not crush something |
| Polite negative | つぶしません (tsubushimasen)do not crush something |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | つぶした (tsubushita)crushed something |
| Polite past | つぶしました (tsubushimashita)crushed something |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | つぶさなかった (tsubusanakatta)did not crush something |
| Polite past negative | つぶしませんでした (tsubushimasendeshita)did not crush something |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | つぶして (tsubushite)crushing something (and then) |
| Polite te-form | つぶしまして (tsubushimashite)crushing something (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | つぶしている (tsubushiteiru)be crushing something |
| Polite te-iru | つぶしています (tsubushiteimasu)be crushing something |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | つぶせば (tsubuseba)if you crush something |
| Rare literary polite conditional | つぶしますれば (tsubushimasureba)if you crush something (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | つぶしたら (tsubushitara)if you crush something |
| Polite conditional, tara | つぶしましたら (tsubushimashitara)if you crush something |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | つぶせる (tsubuseru)can crush something |
| Polite potential | つぶせます (tsubusemasu)can crush something |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | つぶそう (tsubusou)let's crush something! |
| Polite volitional | つぶしましょう (tsubushimashou)let's crush something! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | つぶしたい (tsubushitai)want to crush something |
| Polite desire, tai | つぶしたいです (tsubushitaidesu)want to crush something |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | つぶされる (tsubusareru)be crushed |
| Polite passive | つぶされます (tsubusaremasu)be crushed |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | つぶさせる (tsubusaseru)make or let someone crush something |
| Polite causative | つぶさせます (tsubusasemasu)make or let someone crush something |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | つぶさせられる (tsubusaserareru)be made to crush something |
| Polite causative-passive | つぶさせられます (tsubusaseraremasu)be made to crush something |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | つぶすな (tsubusuna)do not crush something! |
| Polite negative request | つぶさないでください (tsubusanaidekudasai)please do not crush something |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | つぶします (tsubushimasu)crush something |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | つぶしません (tsubushimasen)do not crush something |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | つぶしました (tsubushimashita)crushed something |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | つぶしませんでした (tsubushimasendeshita)did not crush something |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | つぶしてください (tsubushitekudasai)please crush something |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | つぶさないでください (tsubusanaidekudasai)please do not crush something |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | つぶしましょう (tsubushimashou)let's crush something! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | つぶしてもいい (tsubushitemoii)may crush something |
| Polite permission | つぶしてもいいです (tsubushitemoiidesu)may crush something |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | つぶしてはいけない (tsubushitehaikenai)must not crush something |
| Polite prohibition | つぶしてはいけません (tsubushitehaikemasen)must not crush something |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | つぶしなさい (tsubushinasai)crush something (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | つぶしてみる (tsubushitemiru)try to crush something |
| Polite try doing | つぶしてみます (tsubushitemimasu)try to crush something |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | つぶしてしまう (tsubushiteshimau)crush something completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | つぶしてしまいます (tsubushiteshimaimasu)crush something completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | つぶしておく (tsubushiteoku)crush something in advance |
| Polite preparation | つぶしておきます (tsubushiteokimasu)crush something in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | つぶしたことがある (tsubushitakotogaaru)have the experience of: crushed something |
| Polite past experience | つぶしたことがあります (tsubushitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: crushed something |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | つぶすと (tsubusuto)whenever you crush something |
| Polite automatic result | つぶしますと (tsubushimasuto)whenever you crush something |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | つぶすなら (tsubusunara)if you mean to crush something |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | つぶすだろう (tsubusudarou)probably crush something |
| Polite probability | つぶすでしょう (tsubusudeshou)probably crush something |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | つぶせ (tsubuse)crush something! |
| Polite request | つぶしてください (tsubushitekudasai)please crush something |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.