Japanese reference
理解する
りかいする
to understand; to grasp
Irregular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | りかいする (rikaisuru)understand |
| Polite, masu | りかいします (rikaishimasu)understand |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | りかいしない (rikaishinai)do not understand |
| Polite negative | りかいしません (rikaishimasen)do not understand |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | りかいした (rikaishita)understood |
| Polite past | りかいしました (rikaishimashita)understood |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | りかいしなかった (rikaishinakatta)did not understand |
| Polite past negative | りかいしませんでした (rikaishimasendeshita)did not understand |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | りかいして (rikaishite)understanding (and then) |
| Polite te-form | りかいしまして (rikaishimashite)understanding (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | りかいしている (rikaishiteiru)understand |
| Polite te-iru | りかいしています (rikaishiteimasu)understand |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | りかいすれば (rikaisureba)if you understand |
| Rare literary polite conditional | りかいしますれば (rikaishimasureba)if you understand (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | りかいしたら (rikaishitara)if you understand |
| Polite conditional, tara | りかいしましたら (rikaishimashitara)if you understand |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | りかいできる (rikaidekiru)can understand |
| Polite potential | りかいできます (rikaidekimasu)can understand |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | りかいしよう (rikaishiyou)let's understand! |
| Polite volitional | りかいしましょう (rikaishimashou)let's understand! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | りかいしたい (rikaishitai)want to understand |
| Polite desire, tai | りかいしたいです (rikaishitaidesu)want to understand |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | りかいされる (rikaisareru)be understood |
| Polite passive | りかいされます (rikaisaremasu)be understood |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | りかいさせる (rikaisaseru)make or let someone understand |
| Polite causative | りかいさせます (rikaisasemasu)make or let someone understand |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | りかいさせられる (rikaisaserareru)be made to understand |
| Polite causative-passive | りかいさせられます (rikaisaseraremasu)be made to understand |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | りかいするな (rikaisuruna)do not understand! |
| Polite negative request | りかいしないでください (rikaishinaidekudasai)please do not understand |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | りかいします (rikaishimasu)understand |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | りかいしません (rikaishimasen)do not understand |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | りかいしました (rikaishimashita)understood |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | りかいしませんでした (rikaishimasendeshita)did not understand |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | りかいしてください (rikaishitekudasai)please understand |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | りかいしないでください (rikaishinaidekudasai)please do not understand |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | りかいしましょう (rikaishimashou)let's understand! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | りかいしてもいい (rikaishitemoii)may understand |
| Polite permission | りかいしてもいいです (rikaishitemoiidesu)may understand |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | りかいしてはいけない (rikaishitehaikenai)must not understand |
| Polite prohibition | りかいしてはいけません (rikaishitehaikemasen)must not understand |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | りかいしなさい (rikaishinasai)understand (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | りかいしてみる (rikaishitemiru)try to understand |
| Polite try doing | りかいしてみます (rikaishitemimasu)try to understand |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | りかいしてしまう (rikaishiteshimau)understand completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | りかいしてしまいます (rikaishiteshimaimasu)understand completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | りかいしておく (rikaishiteoku)understand in advance |
| Polite preparation | りかいしておきます (rikaishiteokimasu)understand in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | りかいしたことがある (rikaishitakotogaaru)have the experience of: understood |
| Polite past experience | りかいしたことがあります (rikaishitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: understood |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | りかいすると (rikaisuruto)whenever you understand |
| Polite automatic result | りかいしますと (rikaishimasuto)whenever you understand |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | りかいするなら (rikaisurunara)if you mean to understand |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | りかいするだろう (rikaisurudarou)probably understand |
| Polite probability | りかいするでしょう (rikaisurudeshou)probably understand |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | りかいしろ (rikaishiro)understand! |
| Polite request | りかいしてください (rikaishitekudasai)please understand |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.