Japanese reference
生む
うむ
to produce; to give rise to
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
Audio requires a compatible voice in your browser.
Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | うむ (umu)produce |
| Polite, masu | うみます (umimasu)produce |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | うまない (umanai)do not produce |
| Polite negative | うみません (umimasen)do not produce |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | うんだ (unda)produced |
| Polite past | うみました (umimashita)produced |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | うまなかった (umanakatta)did not produce |
| Polite past negative | うみませんでした (umimasendeshita)did not produce |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | うんで (unde)producing (and then) |
| Polite te-form | うみまして (umimashite)producing (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | うんでいる (undeiru)be producing |
| Polite te-iru | うんでいます (undeimasu)be producing |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | うめば (umeba)if you produce |
| Rare literary polite conditional | うみますれば (umimasureba)if you produce (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | うんだら (undara)if you produce |
| Polite conditional, tara | うみましたら (umimashitara)if you produce |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | うめる (umeru)can produce |
| Polite potential | うめます (umemasu)can produce |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | うもう (umou)let's produce! |
| Polite volitional | うみましょう (umimashou)let's produce! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | うみたい (umitai)want to produce |
| Polite desire, tai | うみたいです (umitaidesu)want to produce |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | うまれる (umareru)be affected when someone produces |
| Polite passive | うまれます (umaremasu)be affected when someone produces |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | うませる (umaseru)make or let someone produce |
| Polite causative | うませます (umasemasu)make or let someone produce |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | うませられる (umaserareru)be made to produce |
| Polite causative-passive | うませられます (umaseraremasu)be made to produce |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | うむな (umuna)do not produce! |
| Polite negative request | うまないでください (umanaidekudasai)please do not produce |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | うみます (umimasu)produce |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | うみません (umimasen)do not produce |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | うみました (umimashita)produced |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | うみませんでした (umimasendeshita)did not produce |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | うんでください (undekudasai)please produce |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | うまないでください (umanaidekudasai)please do not produce |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | うみましょう (umimashou)let's produce! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | うんでもいい (undemoii)may produce |
| Polite permission | うんでもいいです (undemoiidesu)may produce |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | うんではいけない (undehaikenai)must not produce |
| Polite prohibition | うんではいけません (undehaikemasen)must not produce |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | うみなさい (uminasai)produce (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | うんでみる (undemiru)try to produce |
| Polite try doing | うんでみます (undemimasu)try to produce |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | うんでしまう (undeshimau)produce completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | うんでしまいます (undeshimaimasu)produce completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | うんでおく (undeoku)produce in advance |
| Polite preparation | うんでおきます (undeokimasu)produce in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | うんだことがある (undakotogaaru)have the experience of: produced |
| Polite past experience | うんだことがあります (undakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: produced |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | うむと (umuto)whenever you produce |
| Polite automatic result | うみますと (umimasuto)whenever you produce |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | うむなら (umunara)if you mean to produce |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | うむだろう (umudarou)probably produce |
| Polite probability | うむでしょう (umudeshou)probably produce |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | うめ (ume)produce! |
| Polite request | うんでください (undekudasai)please produce |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.