Japanese reference
直す
なおす
to fix, correct
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | なおす (naosu)fix |
| Polite, masu | なおします (naoshimasu)fix |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | なおさない (naosanai)do not fix |
| Polite negative | なおしません (naoshimasen)do not fix |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | なおした (naoshita)fixed |
| Polite past | なおしました (naoshimashita)fixed |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | なおさなかった (naosanakatta)did not fix |
| Polite past negative | なおしませんでした (naoshimasendeshita)did not fix |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | なおして (naoshite)fixing (and then) |
| Polite te-form | なおしまして (naoshimashite)fixing (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | なおしている (naoshiteiru)be fixing |
| Polite te-iru | なおしています (naoshiteimasu)be fixing |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | なおせば (naoseba)if you fix |
| Rare literary polite conditional | なおしますれば (naoshimasureba)if you fix (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | なおしたら (naoshitara)if you fix |
| Polite conditional, tara | なおしましたら (naoshimashitara)if you fix |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | なおせる (naoseru)can fix |
| Polite potential | なおせます (naosemasu)can fix |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | なおそう (naosou)let's fix! |
| Polite volitional | なおしましょう (naoshimashou)let's fix! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | なおしたい (naoshitai)want to fix |
| Polite desire, tai | なおしたいです (naoshitaidesu)want to fix |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | なおされる (naosareru)be affected when someone fixes |
| Polite passive | なおされます (naosaremasu)be affected when someone fixes |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | なおさせる (naosaseru)make or let someone fix |
| Polite causative | なおさせます (naosasemasu)make or let someone fix |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | なおさせられる (naosaserareru)be made to fix |
| Polite causative-passive | なおさせられます (naosaseraremasu)be made to fix |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | なおすな (naosuna)do not fix! |
| Polite negative request | なおさないでください (naosanaidekudasai)please do not fix |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | なおします (naoshimasu)fix |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | なおしません (naoshimasen)do not fix |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | なおしました (naoshimashita)fixed |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | なおしませんでした (naoshimasendeshita)did not fix |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | なおしてください (naoshitekudasai)please fix |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | なおさないでください (naosanaidekudasai)please do not fix |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | なおしましょう (naoshimashou)let's fix! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | なおしてもいい (naoshitemoii)may fix |
| Polite permission | なおしてもいいです (naoshitemoiidesu)may fix |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | なおしてはいけない (naoshitehaikenai)must not fix |
| Polite prohibition | なおしてはいけません (naoshitehaikemasen)must not fix |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | なおしなさい (naoshinasai)fix (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | なおしてみる (naoshitemiru)try to fix |
| Polite try doing | なおしてみます (naoshitemimasu)try to fix |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | なおしてしまう (naoshiteshimau)fix completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | なおしてしまいます (naoshiteshimaimasu)fix completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | なおしておく (naoshiteoku)fix in advance |
| Polite preparation | なおしておきます (naoshiteokimasu)fix in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | なおしたことがある (naoshitakotogaaru)have the experience of: fixed |
| Polite past experience | なおしたことがあります (naoshitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: fixed |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | なおすと (naosuto)whenever you fix |
| Polite automatic result | なおしますと (naoshimasuto)whenever you fix |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | なおすなら (naosunara)if you mean to fix |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | なおすだろう (naosudarou)probably fix |
| Polite probability | なおすでしょう (naosudeshou)probably fix |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | なおせ (naose)fix! |
| Polite request | なおしてください (naoshitekudasai)please fix |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.