Japanese reference
祈る
いのる
to pray
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | いのる (inoru)pray |
| Polite, masu | いのります (inorimasu)pray |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | いのらない (inoranai)do not pray |
| Polite negative | いのりません (inorimasen)do not pray |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | いのった (inotta)prayed |
| Polite past | いのりました (inorimashita)prayed |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | いのらなかった (inoranakatta)did not pray |
| Polite past negative | いのりませんでした (inorimasendeshita)did not pray |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | いのって (inotte)praying (and then) |
| Polite te-form | いのりまして (inorimashite)praying (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | いのっている (inotteiru)be praying |
| Polite te-iru | いのっています (inotteimasu)be praying |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | いのれば (inoreba)if you pray |
| Rare literary polite conditional | いのりますれば (inorimasureba)if you pray (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | いのったら (inottara)if you pray |
| Polite conditional, tara | いのりましたら (inorimashitara)if you pray |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | いのれる (inoreru)can pray |
| Polite potential | いのれます (inoremasu)can pray |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | いのろう (inorou)let's pray! |
| Polite volitional | いのりましょう (inorimashou)let's pray! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | いのりたい (inoritai)want to pray |
| Polite desire, tai | いのりたいです (inoritaidesu)want to pray |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | いのられる (inorareru)be affected when someone prays |
| Polite passive | いのられます (inoraremasu)be affected when someone prays |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | いのらせる (inoraseru)make or let someone pray |
| Polite causative | いのらせます (inorasemasu)make or let someone pray |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | いのらせられる (inoraserareru)be made to pray |
| Polite causative-passive | いのらせられます (inoraseraremasu)be made to pray |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | いのるな (inoruna)do not pray! |
| Polite negative request | いのらないでください (inoranaidekudasai)please do not pray |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | いのります (inorimasu)pray |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | いのりません (inorimasen)do not pray |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | いのりました (inorimashita)prayed |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | いのりませんでした (inorimasendeshita)did not pray |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | いのってください (inottekudasai)please pray |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | いのらないでください (inoranaidekudasai)please do not pray |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | いのりましょう (inorimashou)let's pray! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | いのってもいい (inottemoii)may pray |
| Polite permission | いのってもいいです (inottemoiidesu)may pray |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | いのってはいけない (inottehaikenai)must not pray |
| Polite prohibition | いのってはいけません (inottehaikemasen)must not pray |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | いのりなさい (inorinasai)pray (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | いのってみる (inottemiru)try to pray |
| Polite try doing | いのってみます (inottemimasu)try to pray |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | いのってしまう (inotteshimau)pray completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | いのってしまいます (inotteshimaimasu)pray completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | いのっておく (inotteoku)pray in advance |
| Polite preparation | いのっておきます (inotteokimasu)pray in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | いのったことがある (inottakotogaaru)have the experience of: prayed |
| Polite past experience | いのったことがあります (inottakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: prayed |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | いのると (inoruto)whenever you pray |
| Polite automatic result | いのりますと (inorimasuto)whenever you pray |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | いのるなら (inorunara)if you mean to pray |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | いのるだろう (inorudarou)probably pray |
| Polite probability | いのるでしょう (inorudeshou)probably pray |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | いのれ (inore)pray! |
| Polite request | いのってください (inottekudasai)please pray |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.