Japanese reference
積もる
つもる
to pile up, accumulate
Regular · 26 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | つもる (tsumoru)snow piles up |
| Polite, masu | つもります (tsumorimasu)snow piles up |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | つもらない (tsumoranai)snow does not pile up |
| Polite negative | つもりません (tsumorimasen)snow does not pile up |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | つもった (tsumotta)snow piled up |
| Polite past | つもりました (tsumorimashita)snow piled up |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | つもらなかった (tsumoranakatta)snow did not pile up |
| Polite past negative | つもりませんでした (tsumorimasendeshita)snow did not pile up |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | つもって (tsumotte)piling up (and then) |
| Polite te-form | つもりまして (tsumorimashite)piling up (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | つもっている (tsumotteiru)snow is piling up |
| Polite te-iru | つもっています (tsumotteimasu)snow is piling up |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | つもれば (tsumoreba)if snow piles up |
| Rare literary polite conditional | つもりますれば (tsumorimasureba)if snow piles up (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | つもったら (tsumottara)if snow piles up |
| Polite conditional, tara | つもりましたら (tsumorimashitara)if snow piles up |
Voice
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | つもらせる (tsumoraseru)cause snow to pile up |
| Polite causative | つもらせます (tsumorasemasu)cause snow to pile up |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | つもるな (tsumoruna)do not pile up! |
| Polite negative request | つもらないでください (tsumoranaidekudasai)please do not pile up |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | つもります (tsumorimasu)snow piles up |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | つもりません (tsumorimasen)snow does not pile up |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | つもりました (tsumorimashita)snow piled up |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | つもりませんでした (tsumorimasendeshita)snow did not pile up |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | つもってください (tsumottekudasai)please pile up |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | つもらないでください (tsumoranaidekudasai)please do not pile up |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | つもってもいい (tsumottemoii)may snow piles up |
| Polite permission | つもってもいいです (tsumottemoiidesu)may snow piles up |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | つもってはいけない (tsumottehaikenai)must not snow piles up |
| Polite prohibition | つもってはいけません (tsumottehaikemasen)must not snow piles up |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | つもりなさい (tsumorinasai)snow piles up (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | つもってみる (tsumottemiru)try to snow piles up |
| Polite try doing | つもってみます (tsumottemimasu)try to snow piles up |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | つもってしまう (tsumotteshimau)snow piles up completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | つもってしまいます (tsumotteshimaimasu)snow piles up completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | つもっておく (tsumotteoku)snow piles up in advance |
| Polite preparation | つもっておきます (tsumotteokimasu)snow piles up in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | つもったことがある (tsumottakotogaaru)have the experience of: snow piled up |
| Polite past experience | つもったことがあります (tsumottakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: snow piled up |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | つもると (tsumoruto)whenever you snow piles up |
| Polite automatic result | つもりますと (tsumorimasuto)whenever you snow piles up |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | つもるなら (tsumorunara)if you mean to snow piles up |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | つもるだろう (tsumorudarou)probably snow piles up |
| Polite probability | つもるでしょう (tsumorudeshou)probably snow piles up |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | つもれ (tsumore)pile up! |
| Polite request | つもってください (tsumottekudasai)please pile up |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.