Japanese reference
空く
あく
to become empty
Regular · 20 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | あく (aku)become available |
| Polite, masu | あきます (akimasu)become available |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | あかない (akanai)do not become available |
| Polite negative | あきません (akimasen)do not become available |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | あいた (aita)became available |
| Polite past | あきました (akimashita)became available |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | あかなかった (akanakatta)did not become available |
| Polite past negative | あきませんでした (akimasendeshita)did not become available |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | あいて (aite)becoming available (and then) |
| Polite te-form | あきまして (akimashite)becoming available (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | あいている (aiteiru)be available |
| Polite te-iru | あいています (aiteimasu)be available |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | あけば (akeba)if you become available |
| Rare literary polite conditional | あきますれば (akimasureba)if you become available (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | あいたら (aitara)if you become available |
| Polite conditional, tara | あきましたら (akimashitara)if you become available |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | あかれる (akareru)be affected when someone becomes available |
| Polite passive | あかれます (akaremasu)be affected when someone becomes available |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | あかせる (akaseru)make or let someone become available |
| Polite causative | あかせます (akasemasu)make or let someone become available |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | あかせられる (akaserareru)be made to become available |
| Polite causative-passive | あかせられます (akaseraremasu)be made to become available |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | あきます (akimasu)become available |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | あきません (akimasen)do not become available |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | あきました (akimashita)became available |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | あきませんでした (akimasendeshita)did not become available |
Aspect
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | あいてしまう (aiteshimau)become available completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | あいてしまいます (aiteshimaimasu)become available completely or regrettably |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | あいたことがある (aitakotogaaru)have the experience of: became available |
| Polite past experience | あいたことがあります (aitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: became available |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | あくと (akuto)whenever you become available |
| Polite automatic result | あきますと (akimasuto)whenever you become available |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | あくなら (akunara)if you mean to become available |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | あくだろう (akudarou)probably become available |
| Polite probability | あくでしょう (akudeshou)probably become available |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.