Japanese reference
立つ
たつ
to stand
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | たつ (tatsu)stand |
| Polite, masu | たちます (tachimasu)stand |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | たたない (tatanai)do not stand |
| Polite negative | たちません (tachimasen)do not stand |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | たった (tatta)stood |
| Polite past | たちました (tachimashita)stood |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | たたなかった (tatanakatta)did not stand |
| Polite past negative | たちませんでした (tachimasendeshita)did not stand |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | たって (tatte)standing (and then) |
| Polite te-form | たちまして (tachimashite)standing (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | たっている (tatteiru)be standing |
| Polite te-iru | たっています (tatteimasu)be standing |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | たてば (tateba)if you stand |
| Rare literary polite conditional | たちますれば (tachimasureba)if you stand (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | たったら (tattara)if you stand |
| Polite conditional, tara | たちましたら (tachimashitara)if you stand |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | たてる (tateru)can stand |
| Polite potential | たてます (tatemasu)can stand |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | たとう (tatou)let's stand! |
| Polite volitional | たちましょう (tachimashou)let's stand! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | たちたい (tachitai)want to stand |
| Polite desire, tai | たちたいです (tachitaidesu)want to stand |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | たたれる (tatareru)be affected when someone stands |
| Polite passive | たたれます (tataremasu)be affected when someone stands |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | たたせる (tataseru)make or let someone stand |
| Polite causative | たたせます (tatasemasu)make or let someone stand |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | たたせられる (tataserareru)be made to stand |
| Polite causative-passive | たたせられます (tataseraremasu)be made to stand |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | たつな (tatsuna)do not stand! |
| Polite negative request | たたないでください (tatanaidekudasai)please do not stand |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | たちます (tachimasu)stand |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | たちません (tachimasen)do not stand |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | たちました (tachimashita)stood |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | たちませんでした (tachimasendeshita)did not stand |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | たってください (tattekudasai)please stand |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | たたないでください (tatanaidekudasai)please do not stand |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | たちましょう (tachimashou)let's stand! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | たってもいい (tattemoii)may stand |
| Polite permission | たってもいいです (tattemoiidesu)may stand |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | たってはいけない (tattehaikenai)must not stand |
| Polite prohibition | たってはいけません (tattehaikemasen)must not stand |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | たちなさい (tachinasai)stand (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | たってみる (tattemiru)try to stand |
| Polite try doing | たってみます (tattemimasu)try to stand |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | たってしまう (tatteshimau)stand completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | たってしまいます (tatteshimaimasu)stand completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | たっておく (tatteoku)stand in advance |
| Polite preparation | たっておきます (tatteokimasu)stand in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | たったことがある (tattakotogaaru)have the experience of: stood |
| Polite past experience | たったことがあります (tattakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: stood |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | たつと (tatsuto)whenever you stand |
| Polite automatic result | たちますと (tachimasuto)whenever you stand |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | たつなら (tatsunara)if you mean to stand |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | たつだろう (tatsudarou)probably stand |
| Polite probability | たつでしょう (tatsudeshou)probably stand |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | たて (tate)stand! |
| Polite request | たってください (tattekudasai)please stand |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.