Japanese reference
約束する
やくそくする
to promise
Irregular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | やくそくする (yakusokusuru)promise |
| Polite, masu | やくそくします (yakusokushimasu)promise |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | やくそくしない (yakusokushinai)do not promise |
| Polite negative | やくそくしません (yakusokushimasen)do not promise |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | やくそくした (yakusokushita)promised |
| Polite past | やくそくしました (yakusokushimashita)promised |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | やくそくしなかった (yakusokushinakatta)did not promise |
| Polite past negative | やくそくしませんでした (yakusokushimasendeshita)did not promise |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | やくそくして (yakusokushite)promising (and then) |
| Polite te-form | やくそくしまして (yakusokushimashite)promising (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | やくそくしている (yakusokushiteiru)be promising |
| Polite te-iru | やくそくしています (yakusokushiteimasu)be promising |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | やくそくすれば (yakusokusureba)if you promise |
| Rare literary polite conditional | やくそくしますれば (yakusokushimasureba)if you promise (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | やくそくしたら (yakusokushitara)if you promise |
| Polite conditional, tara | やくそくしましたら (yakusokushimashitara)if you promise |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | やくそくできる (yakusokudekiru)can promise |
| Polite potential | やくそくできます (yakusokudekimasu)can promise |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | やくそくしよう (yakusokushiyou)let's promise! |
| Polite volitional | やくそくしましょう (yakusokushimashou)let's promise! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | やくそくしたい (yakusokushitai)want to promise |
| Polite desire, tai | やくそくしたいです (yakusokushitaidesu)want to promise |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | やくそくされる (yakusokusareru)be affected when someone promises |
| Polite passive | やくそくされます (yakusokusaremasu)be affected when someone promises |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | やくそくさせる (yakusokusaseru)make or let someone promise |
| Polite causative | やくそくさせます (yakusokusasemasu)make or let someone promise |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | やくそくさせられる (yakusokusaserareru)be made to promise |
| Polite causative-passive | やくそくさせられます (yakusokusaseraremasu)be made to promise |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | やくそくするな (yakusokusuruna)do not promise! |
| Polite negative request | やくそくしないでください (yakusokushinaidekudasai)please do not promise |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | やくそくします (yakusokushimasu)promise |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | やくそくしません (yakusokushimasen)do not promise |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | やくそくしました (yakusokushimashita)promised |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | やくそくしませんでした (yakusokushimasendeshita)did not promise |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | やくそくしてください (yakusokushitekudasai)please promise |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | やくそくしないでください (yakusokushinaidekudasai)please do not promise |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | やくそくしましょう (yakusokushimashou)let's promise! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | やくそくしてもいい (yakusokushitemoii)may promise |
| Polite permission | やくそくしてもいいです (yakusokushitemoiidesu)may promise |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | やくそくしてはいけない (yakusokushitehaikenai)must not promise |
| Polite prohibition | やくそくしてはいけません (yakusokushitehaikemasen)must not promise |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | やくそくしなさい (yakusokushinasai)promise (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | やくそくしてみる (yakusokushitemiru)try to promise |
| Polite try doing | やくそくしてみます (yakusokushitemimasu)try to promise |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | やくそくしてしまう (yakusokushiteshimau)promise completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | やくそくしてしまいます (yakusokushiteshimaimasu)promise completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | やくそくしておく (yakusokushiteoku)promise in advance |
| Polite preparation | やくそくしておきます (yakusokushiteokimasu)promise in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | やくそくしたことがある (yakusokushitakotogaaru)have the experience of: promised |
| Polite past experience | やくそくしたことがあります (yakusokushitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: promised |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | やくそくすると (yakusokusuruto)whenever you promise |
| Polite automatic result | やくそくしますと (yakusokushimasuto)whenever you promise |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | やくそくするなら (yakusokusurunara)if you mean to promise |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | やくそくするだろう (yakusokusurudarou)probably promise |
| Polite probability | やくそくするでしょう (yakusokusurudeshou)probably promise |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | やくそくしろ (yakusokushiro)promise! |
| Polite request | やくそくしてください (yakusokushitekudasai)please promise |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.