Japanese reference
翻訳する
ほんやくする
to translate
Irregular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | ほんやくする (hon'yakusuru)translate |
| Polite, masu | ほんやくします (hon'yakushimasu)translate |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | ほんやくしない (hon'yakushinai)do not translate |
| Polite negative | ほんやくしません (hon'yakushimasen)do not translate |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | ほんやくした (hon'yakushita)translated |
| Polite past | ほんやくしました (hon'yakushimashita)translated |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | ほんやくしなかった (hon'yakushinakatta)did not translate |
| Polite past negative | ほんやくしませんでした (hon'yakushimasendeshita)did not translate |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | ほんやくして (hon'yakushite)translating (and then) |
| Polite te-form | ほんやくしまして (hon'yakushimashite)translating (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | ほんやくしている (hon'yakushiteiru)be translating |
| Polite te-iru | ほんやくしています (hon'yakushiteimasu)be translating |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | ほんやくすれば (hon'yakusureba)if you translate |
| Rare literary polite conditional | ほんやくしますれば (hon'yakushimasureba)if you translate (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | ほんやくしたら (hon'yakushitara)if you translate |
| Polite conditional, tara | ほんやくしましたら (hon'yakushimashitara)if you translate |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | ほんやくできる (hon'yakudekiru)can translate |
| Polite potential | ほんやくできます (hon'yakudekimasu)can translate |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | ほんやくしよう (hon'yakushiyou)let's translate! |
| Polite volitional | ほんやくしましょう (hon'yakushimashou)let's translate! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | ほんやくしたい (hon'yakushitai)want to translate |
| Polite desire, tai | ほんやくしたいです (hon'yakushitaidesu)want to translate |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | ほんやくされる (hon'yakusareru)be translated |
| Polite passive | ほんやくされます (hon'yakusaremasu)be translated |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | ほんやくさせる (hon'yakusaseru)make or let someone translate |
| Polite causative | ほんやくさせます (hon'yakusasemasu)make or let someone translate |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | ほんやくさせられる (hon'yakusaserareru)be made to translate |
| Polite causative-passive | ほんやくさせられます (hon'yakusaseraremasu)be made to translate |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | ほんやくするな (hon'yakusuruna)do not translate! |
| Polite negative request | ほんやくしないでください (hon'yakushinaidekudasai)please do not translate |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | ほんやくします (hon'yakushimasu)translate |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | ほんやくしません (hon'yakushimasen)do not translate |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | ほんやくしました (hon'yakushimashita)translated |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | ほんやくしませんでした (hon'yakushimasendeshita)did not translate |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | ほんやくしてください (hon'yakushitekudasai)please translate |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | ほんやくしないでください (hon'yakushinaidekudasai)please do not translate |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | ほんやくしましょう (hon'yakushimashou)let's translate! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | ほんやくしてもいい (hon'yakushitemoii)may translate |
| Polite permission | ほんやくしてもいいです (hon'yakushitemoiidesu)may translate |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | ほんやくしてはいけない (hon'yakushitehaikenai)must not translate |
| Polite prohibition | ほんやくしてはいけません (hon'yakushitehaikemasen)must not translate |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | ほんやくしなさい (hon'yakushinasai)translate (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | ほんやくしてみる (hon'yakushitemiru)try to translate |
| Polite try doing | ほんやくしてみます (hon'yakushitemimasu)try to translate |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | ほんやくしてしまう (hon'yakushiteshimau)translate completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | ほんやくしてしまいます (hon'yakushiteshimaimasu)translate completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | ほんやくしておく (hon'yakushiteoku)translate in advance |
| Polite preparation | ほんやくしておきます (hon'yakushiteokimasu)translate in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | ほんやくしたことがある (hon'yakushitakotogaaru)have the experience of: translated |
| Polite past experience | ほんやくしたことがあります (hon'yakushitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: translated |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | ほんやくすると (hon'yakusuruto)whenever you translate |
| Polite automatic result | ほんやくしますと (hon'yakushimasuto)whenever you translate |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | ほんやくするなら (hon'yakusurunara)if you mean to translate |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | ほんやくするだろう (hon'yakusurudarou)probably translate |
| Polite probability | ほんやくするでしょう (hon'yakusurudeshou)probably translate |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | ほんやくしろ (hon'yakushiro)translate! |
| Polite request | ほんやくしてください (hon'yakushitekudasai)please translate |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.