Japanese reference
落とす
おとす
to drop, lose
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
Audio requires a compatible voice in your browser.
Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | おとす (otosu)drop |
| Polite, masu | おとします (otoshimasu)drop |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | おとさない (otosanai)do not drop |
| Polite negative | おとしません (otoshimasen)do not drop |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | おとした (otoshita)dropped |
| Polite past | おとしました (otoshimashita)dropped |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | おとさなかった (otosanakatta)did not drop |
| Polite past negative | おとしませんでした (otoshimasendeshita)did not drop |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | おとして (otoshite)dropping (and then) |
| Polite te-form | おとしまして (otoshimashite)dropping (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | おとしている (otoshiteiru)be dropping |
| Polite te-iru | おとしています (otoshiteimasu)be dropping |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | おとせば (otoseba)if you drop |
| Rare literary polite conditional | おとしますれば (otoshimasureba)if you drop (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | おとしたら (otoshitara)if you drop |
| Polite conditional, tara | おとしましたら (otoshimashitara)if you drop |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | おとせる (otoseru)can drop |
| Polite potential | おとせます (otosemasu)can drop |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | おとそう (otosou)let's drop! |
| Polite volitional | おとしましょう (otoshimashou)let's drop! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | おとしたい (otoshitai)want to drop |
| Polite desire, tai | おとしたいです (otoshitaidesu)want to drop |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | おとされる (otosareru)be affected when someone drops |
| Polite passive | おとされます (otosaremasu)be affected when someone drops |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | おとさせる (otosaseru)make or let someone drop |
| Polite causative | おとさせます (otosasemasu)make or let someone drop |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | おとさせられる (otosaserareru)be made to drop |
| Polite causative-passive | おとさせられます (otosaseraremasu)be made to drop |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | おとすな (otosuna)do not drop! |
| Polite negative request | おとさないでください (otosanaidekudasai)please do not drop |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | おとします (otoshimasu)drop |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | おとしません (otoshimasen)do not drop |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | おとしました (otoshimashita)dropped |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | おとしませんでした (otoshimasendeshita)did not drop |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | おとしてください (otoshitekudasai)please drop |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | おとさないでください (otosanaidekudasai)please do not drop |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | おとしましょう (otoshimashou)let's drop! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | おとしてもいい (otoshitemoii)may drop |
| Polite permission | おとしてもいいです (otoshitemoiidesu)may drop |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | おとしてはいけない (otoshitehaikenai)must not drop |
| Polite prohibition | おとしてはいけません (otoshitehaikemasen)must not drop |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | おとしなさい (otoshinasai)drop (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | おとしてみる (otoshitemiru)try to drop |
| Polite try doing | おとしてみます (otoshitemimasu)try to drop |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | おとしてしまう (otoshiteshimau)drop completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | おとしてしまいます (otoshiteshimaimasu)drop completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | おとしておく (otoshiteoku)drop in advance |
| Polite preparation | おとしておきます (otoshiteokimasu)drop in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | おとしたことがある (otoshitakotogaaru)have the experience of: dropped |
| Polite past experience | おとしたことがあります (otoshitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: dropped |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | おとすと (otosuto)whenever you drop |
| Polite automatic result | おとしますと (otoshimasuto)whenever you drop |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | おとすなら (otosunara)if you mean to drop |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | おとすだろう (otosudarou)probably drop |
| Polite probability | おとすでしょう (otosudeshou)probably drop |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | おとせ (otose)drop! |
| Polite request | おとしてください (otoshitekudasai)please drop |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.