Japanese reference
貸す
かす
to lend
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | かす (kasu)lend |
| Polite, masu | かします (kashimasu)lend |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | かさない (kasanai)do not lend |
| Polite negative | かしません (kashimasen)do not lend |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | かした (kashita)lent |
| Polite past | かしました (kashimashita)lent |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | かさなかった (kasanakatta)did not lend |
| Polite past negative | かしませんでした (kashimasendeshita)did not lend |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | かして (kashite)lending (and then) |
| Polite te-form | かしまして (kashimashite)lending (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | かしている (kashiteiru)be lending |
| Polite te-iru | かしています (kashiteimasu)be lending |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | かせば (kaseba)if you lend |
| Rare literary polite conditional | かしますれば (kashimasureba)if you lend (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | かしたら (kashitara)if you lend |
| Polite conditional, tara | かしましたら (kashimashitara)if you lend |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | かせる (kaseru)can lend |
| Polite potential | かせます (kasemasu)can lend |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | かそう (kasou)let's lend! |
| Polite volitional | かしましょう (kashimashou)let's lend! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | かしたい (kashitai)want to lend |
| Polite desire, tai | かしたいです (kashitaidesu)want to lend |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | かされる (kasareru)be affected when someone lends |
| Polite passive | かされます (kasaremasu)be affected when someone lends |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | かさせる (kasaseru)make or let someone lend |
| Polite causative | かさせます (kasasemasu)make or let someone lend |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | かさせられる (kasaserareru)be made to lend |
| Polite causative-passive | かさせられます (kasaseraremasu)be made to lend |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | かすな (kasuna)do not lend! |
| Polite negative request | かさないでください (kasanaidekudasai)please do not lend |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | かします (kashimasu)lend |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | かしません (kashimasen)do not lend |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | かしました (kashimashita)lent |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | かしませんでした (kashimasendeshita)did not lend |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | かしてください (kashitekudasai)please lend |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | かさないでください (kasanaidekudasai)please do not lend |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | かしましょう (kashimashou)let's lend! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | かしてもいい (kashitemoii)may lend |
| Polite permission | かしてもいいです (kashitemoiidesu)may lend |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | かしてはいけない (kashitehaikenai)must not lend |
| Polite prohibition | かしてはいけません (kashitehaikemasen)must not lend |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | かしなさい (kashinasai)lend (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | かしてみる (kashitemiru)try to lend |
| Polite try doing | かしてみます (kashitemimasu)try to lend |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | かしてしまう (kashiteshimau)lend completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | かしてしまいます (kashiteshimaimasu)lend completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | かしておく (kashiteoku)lend in advance |
| Polite preparation | かしておきます (kashiteokimasu)lend in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | かしたことがある (kashitakotogaaru)have the experience of: lent |
| Polite past experience | かしたことがあります (kashitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: lent |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | かすと (kasuto)whenever you lend |
| Polite automatic result | かしますと (kashimasuto)whenever you lend |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | かすなら (kasunara)if you mean to lend |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | かすだろう (kasudarou)probably lend |
| Polite probability | かすでしょう (kasudeshou)probably lend |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | かせ (kase)lend! |
| Polite request | かしてください (kashitekudasai)please lend |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.