Japanese reference
限る
かぎる
to limit; to be restricted to
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | かぎる (kagiru)limit |
| Polite, masu | かぎります (kagirimasu)limit |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | かぎらない (kagiranai)do not limit |
| Polite negative | かぎりません (kagirimasen)do not limit |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | かぎった (kagitta)limited |
| Polite past | かぎりました (kagirimashita)limited |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | かぎらなかった (kagiranakatta)did not limit |
| Polite past negative | かぎりませんでした (kagirimasendeshita)did not limit |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | かぎって (kagitte)limiting (and then) |
| Polite te-form | かぎりまして (kagirimashite)limiting (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | かぎっている (kagitteiru)be limiting |
| Polite te-iru | かぎっています (kagitteimasu)be limiting |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | かぎれば (kagireba)if you limit |
| Rare literary polite conditional | かぎりますれば (kagirimasureba)if you limit (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | かぎったら (kagittara)if you limit |
| Polite conditional, tara | かぎりましたら (kagirimashitara)if you limit |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | かぎれる (kagireru)can limit |
| Polite potential | かぎれます (kagiremasu)can limit |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | かぎろう (kagirou)let's limit! |
| Polite volitional | かぎりましょう (kagirimashou)let's limit! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | かぎりたい (kagiritai)want to limit |
| Polite desire, tai | かぎりたいです (kagiritaidesu)want to limit |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | かぎられる (kagirareru)be affected when someone limits |
| Polite passive | かぎられます (kagiraremasu)be affected when someone limits |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | かぎらせる (kagiraseru)make or let someone limit |
| Polite causative | かぎらせます (kagirasemasu)make or let someone limit |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | かぎらせられる (kagiraserareru)be made to limit |
| Polite causative-passive | かぎらせられます (kagiraseraremasu)be made to limit |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | かぎるな (kagiruna)do not limit! |
| Polite negative request | かぎらないでください (kagiranaidekudasai)please do not limit |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | かぎります (kagirimasu)limit |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | かぎりません (kagirimasen)do not limit |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | かぎりました (kagirimashita)limited |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | かぎりませんでした (kagirimasendeshita)did not limit |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | かぎってください (kagittekudasai)please limit |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | かぎらないでください (kagiranaidekudasai)please do not limit |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | かぎりましょう (kagirimashou)let's limit! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | かぎってもいい (kagittemoii)may limit |
| Polite permission | かぎってもいいです (kagittemoiidesu)may limit |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | かぎってはいけない (kagittehaikenai)must not limit |
| Polite prohibition | かぎってはいけません (kagittehaikemasen)must not limit |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | かぎりなさい (kagirinasai)limit (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | かぎってみる (kagittemiru)try to limit |
| Polite try doing | かぎってみます (kagittemimasu)try to limit |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | かぎってしまう (kagitteshimau)limit completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | かぎってしまいます (kagitteshimaimasu)limit completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | かぎっておく (kagitteoku)limit in advance |
| Polite preparation | かぎっておきます (kagitteokimasu)limit in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | かぎったことがある (kagittakotogaaru)have the experience of: limited |
| Polite past experience | かぎったことがあります (kagittakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: limited |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | かぎると (kagiruto)whenever you limit |
| Polite automatic result | かぎりますと (kagirimasuto)whenever you limit |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | かぎるなら (kagirunara)if you mean to limit |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | かぎるだろう (kagirudarou)probably limit |
| Polite probability | かぎるでしょう (kagirudeshou)probably limit |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | かぎれ (kagire)limit! |
| Polite request | かぎってください (kagittekudasai)please limit |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.