Korean reference
두렵다
duryeopda
to be afraid
Adjective · Irregular · 18 form tables
Includes verbs and adjectives. Rows show speech levels and constructions, rather than personal pronouns. Honorific forms refer to a respected subject.
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Tense
Present
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | duryeowoyoam/is/are afraid |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | duryeopseumnidaam/is/are afraid |
| 해체, casual level | duryeowoam/is/are afraid |
| 한다체, plain written level | duryeopdaam/is/are afraid |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | duryeowosseoyowas/were afraid |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | duryeowotseumnidawas/were afraid |
| 해체, casual level | duryeowosseowas/were afraid |
| 한다체, plain written level | duryeowotdawas/were afraid |
Future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | duryeoul geoyeyowill be afraid |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | duryeoul geomnidawill be afraid |
| 해체, casual level | duryeoul geoyawill be afraid |
| 한다체, plain written level | duryeoul geosidawill be afraid |
Intention / conjecture
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | duryeopgesseoyowill probably be afraid |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | duryeopgetseumnidawill probably be afraid |
| 해체, casual level | duryeopgesseowill probably be afraid |
| 한다체, plain written level | duryeopgetdawill probably be afraid |
Negative
Short negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | an duryeowoyonot be afraid |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | an duryeopseumnidanot be afraid |
| 해체, casual level | an duryeowonot be afraid |
| 한다체, plain written level | an duryeopdanot be afraid |
Long negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | duryeopji anayonot be afraid |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | duryeopji anseumnidanot be afraid |
| 해체, casual level | duryeopji ananot be afraid |
| 한다체, plain written level | duryeopji antanot be afraid |
Endings
Honorific
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | duryeouseyohe/she is afraid (honorific) |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | duryeousimnidahe/she is afraid (honorific) |
| 해체, casual level | duryeousyeohe/she is afraid (honorific) |
| 한다체, plain written level | duryeousidahe/she is afraid (honorific) |
Question
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | duryeowoyo?are you afraid? |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | duryeopseumnikka?are you afraid? |
| 해체, casual level | duryeowo?are you afraid? |
| 한다체, plain written level | duryeomni?are you afraid? |
Past question
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | duryeowosseoyo?were you afraid? |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | duryeowotseumnikka?were you afraid? |
| 해체, casual level | duryeowosseo?were you afraid? |
| 한다체, plain written level | duryeowonni?were you afraid? |
Linking
And
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | duryeopgoI am afraid, and |
And so / because
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | duryeowoseobecause I am afraid |
If
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | duryeoumyeonif you are afraid |
But
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | duryeopjimanI am afraid, but |
Because
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | duryeounikkabecause I am afraid |
Background
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | duryeoundeI am afraid (background) |
Modifier
Present noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | duryeounbe afraid (before a noun) |
Past noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | duryeowotdeonwas afraid (before a noun) |
Future noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | duryeoulwill be afraid (before a noun) |
Additional forms
Additional honorific forms
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Saying it happened (았/었) | duryeousyeosseoyohe/she was/were afraid (honorific) |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Korean entries.