Korean reference
명랑하다
myeongnanghada
to be cheerful
Adjective · Irregular · 18 form tables
Includes verbs and adjectives. Rows show speech levels and constructions, rather than personal pronouns. Honorific forms refer to a respected subject.
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Tense
Present
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | myeongnanghaeyoam/is/are cheerful |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | myeongnanghamnidaam/is/are cheerful |
| 해체, casual level | myeongnanghaeam/is/are cheerful |
| 한다체, plain written level | myeongnanghadaam/is/are cheerful |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | myeongnanghaesseoyowas/were cheerful |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | myeongnanghaetseumnidawas/were cheerful |
| 해체, casual level | myeongnanghaesseowas/were cheerful |
| 한다체, plain written level | myeongnanghaetdawas/were cheerful |
Future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | myeongnanghal geoyeyowill be cheerful |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | myeongnanghal geomnidawill be cheerful |
| 해체, casual level | myeongnanghal geoyawill be cheerful |
| 한다체, plain written level | myeongnanghal geosidawill be cheerful |
Intention / conjecture
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | myeongnanghagesseoyowill probably be cheerful |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | myeongnanghagetseumnidawill probably be cheerful |
| 해체, casual level | myeongnanghagesseowill probably be cheerful |
| 한다체, plain written level | myeongnanghagetdawill probably be cheerful |
Negative
Short negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | an myeongnanghaeyonot be cheerful |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | an myeongnanghamnidanot be cheerful |
| 해체, casual level | an myeongnanghaenot be cheerful |
| 한다체, plain written level | an myeongnanghadanot be cheerful |
Long negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | myeongnanghaji anayonot be cheerful |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | myeongnanghaji anseumnidanot be cheerful |
| 해체, casual level | myeongnanghaji ananot be cheerful |
| 한다체, plain written level | myeongnanghaji antanot be cheerful |
Endings
Honorific
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | myeongnanghaseyohe/she is cheerful (honorific) |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | myeongnanghasimnidahe/she is cheerful (honorific) |
| 해체, casual level | myeongnanghasyeohe/she is cheerful (honorific) |
| 한다체, plain written level | myeongnanghasidahe/she is cheerful (honorific) |
Question
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | myeongnanghaeyo?are you cheerful? |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | myeongnanghamnikka?are you cheerful? |
| 해체, casual level | myeongnanghae?are you cheerful? |
| 한다체, plain written level | myeongnanghani?are you cheerful? |
Past question
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | myeongnanghaesseoyo?were you cheerful? |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | myeongnanghaetseumnikka?were you cheerful? |
| 해체, casual level | myeongnanghaesseo?were you cheerful? |
| 한다체, plain written level | myeongnanghaenni?were you cheerful? |
Linking
And
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | myeongnanghagoI am cheerful, and |
And so / because
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | myeongnanghaeseobecause I am cheerful |
If
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | myeongnanghamyeonif you are cheerful |
But
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | myeongnanghajimanI am cheerful, but |
Because
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | myeongnanghanikkabecause I am cheerful |
Background
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | myeongnanghandeI am cheerful (background) |
Modifier
Present noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | myeongnanghanbe cheerful (before a noun) |
Past noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | myeongnanghaetdeonwas cheerful (before a noun) |
Future noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | myeongnanghalwill be cheerful (before a noun) |
Additional forms
Additional honorific forms
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Saying it happened (았/었) | myeongnanghasyeosseoyohe/she was/were cheerful (honorific) |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Korean entries.