Korean reference
슬프다
seulpeuda
to be sad
Adjective · Irregular · 18 form tables
Includes verbs and adjectives. Rows show speech levels and constructions, rather than personal pronouns. Honorific forms refer to a respected subject.
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Tense
Present
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | seulpeoyoam/is/are sad |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | seulpeumnidaam/is/are sad |
| 해체, casual level | seulpeoam/is/are sad |
| 한다체, plain written level | seulpeudaam/is/are sad |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | seulpeosseoyowas/were sad |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | seulpeotseumnidawas/were sad |
| 해체, casual level | seulpeosseowas/were sad |
| 한다체, plain written level | seulpeotdawas/were sad |
Future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | seulpeul geoyeyowill be sad |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | seulpeul geomnidawill be sad |
| 해체, casual level | seulpeul geoyawill be sad |
| 한다체, plain written level | seulpeul geosidawill be sad |
Intention / conjecture
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | seulpeugesseoyowill probably be sad |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | seulpeugetseumnidawill probably be sad |
| 해체, casual level | seulpeugesseowill probably be sad |
| 한다체, plain written level | seulpeugetdawill probably be sad |
Negative
Short negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | an seulpeoyonot be sad |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | an seulpeumnidanot be sad |
| 해체, casual level | an seulpeonot be sad |
| 한다체, plain written level | an seulpeudanot be sad |
Long negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | seulpeuji anayonot be sad |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | seulpeuji anseumnidanot be sad |
| 해체, casual level | seulpeuji ananot be sad |
| 한다체, plain written level | seulpeuji antanot be sad |
Endings
Honorific
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | seulpeuseyohe/she is sad (honorific) |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | seulpeusimnidahe/she is sad (honorific) |
| 해체, casual level | seulpeusyeohe/she is sad (honorific) |
| 한다체, plain written level | seulpeusidahe/she is sad (honorific) |
Question
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | seulpeoyo?are you sad? |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | seulpeumnikka?are you sad? |
| 해체, casual level | seulpeo?are you sad? |
| 한다체, plain written level | seulpeuni?are you sad? |
Past question
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | seulpeosseoyo?were you sad? |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | seulpeotseumnikka?were you sad? |
| 해체, casual level | seulpeosseo?were you sad? |
| 한다체, plain written level | seulpeonni?were you sad? |
Linking
And
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | seulpeugoI am sad, and |
And so / because
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | seulpeoseobecause I am sad |
If
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | seulpeumyeonif you are sad |
But
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | seulpeujimanI am sad, but |
Because
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | seulpeunikkabecause I am sad |
Background
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | seulpeundeI am sad (background) |
Modifier
Present noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | seulpeunbe sad (before a noun) |
Past noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | seulpeotdeonwas sad (before a noun) |
Future noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | seulpeulwill be sad (before a noun) |
Additional forms
Additional honorific forms
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Saying it happened (았/었) | seulpeusyeosseoyohe/she was/were sad (honorific) |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Korean entries.