Korean reference
앞서다
apseoda
to be ahead; to lead
Regular · 24 form tables
Includes verbs and adjectives. Rows show speech levels and constructions, rather than personal pronouns. Honorific forms refer to a respected subject.
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Tense
Present
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | apseoyoam/is/are ahead |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | apseomnidaam/is/are ahead |
| 해체, casual level | apseoam/is/are ahead |
| 한다체, plain written level | apseondaam/is/are ahead |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | apseosseoyowas/were ahead |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | apseotseumnidawas/were ahead |
| 해체, casual level | apseosseowas/were ahead |
| 한다체, plain written level | apseotdawas/were ahead |
Future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | apseol geoyeyowill be ahead |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | apseol geomnidawill be ahead |
| 해체, casual level | apseol geoyawill be ahead |
| 한다체, plain written level | apseol geosidawill be ahead |
Intention / conjecture
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | apseogesseoyowill probably be ahead |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | apseogetseumnidawill probably be ahead |
| 해체, casual level | apseogesseowill probably be ahead |
| 한다체, plain written level | apseogetdawill probably be ahead |
Progressive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | apseogo isseoyobe ahead (ongoing) |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | apseogo itseumnidabe ahead (ongoing) |
| 해체, casual level | apseogo isseobe ahead (ongoing) |
| 한다체, plain written level | apseogo itdabe ahead (ongoing) |
Negative
Short negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | an apseoyonot be ahead |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | an apseomnidanot be ahead |
| 해체, casual level | an apseonot be ahead |
| 한다체, plain written level | an apseondanot be ahead |
Long negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | apseoji anayonot be ahead |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | apseoji anseumnidanot be ahead |
| 해체, casual level | apseoji ananot be ahead |
| 한다체, plain written level | apseoji anneundanot be ahead |
Endings
Honorific
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | apseoseyohe/she is ahead (honorific) |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | apseosimnidahe/she is ahead (honorific) |
| 해체, casual level | apseosyeohe/she is ahead (honorific) |
| 한다체, plain written level | apseosindahe/she is ahead (honorific) |
Wish
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | apseogo sipeoyoI want to be ahead |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | apseogo sipseumnidaI want to be ahead |
| 해체, casual level | apseogo sipeoI want to be ahead |
| 한다체, plain written level | apseogo sipdaI want to be ahead |
Question
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | apseoyo?are you ahead? |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | apseomnikka?are you ahead? |
| 해체, casual level | apseo?are you ahead? |
| 한다체, plain written level | apseoni?are you ahead? |
Past question
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | apseosseoyo?were you ahead? |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | apseotseumnikka?were you ahead? |
| 해체, casual level | apseosseo?were you ahead? |
| 한다체, plain written level | apseonni?were you ahead? |
Request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | apseoseyobe ahead! |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | apseosipsiobe ahead! |
| 해체, casual level | apseobe ahead! |
| 한다체, plain written level | apseorabe ahead! |
Proposal
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | apseoyolet's be ahead! |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | apseopsidalet's be ahead! |
| 해체, casual level | apseojalet's be ahead! |
| 한다체, plain written level | apseojalet's be ahead! |
Promise
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | apseolgeyoI will be ahead |
| 해체, casual level | apseolgeI will be ahead |
Shall I?
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | apseolkkayo?shall I be ahead? |
| 해체, casual level | apseolkka?shall I be ahead? |
Linking
And
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | apseogoI am ahead, and |
And so / because
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | apseoseobecause I am ahead |
If
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | apseomyeonif you are ahead |
But
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | apseojimanI am ahead, but |
Because
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | apseonikkabecause I am ahead |
Background
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | apseoneundeI am ahead (background) |
Modifier
Present noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | apseoneunbe ahead (before a noun) |
Past noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | apseonwas ahead (before a noun) |
Future noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | apseolwill be ahead (before a noun) |
Additional forms
Additional honorific forms
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Saying it happened (았/었) | apseosyeosseoyohe/she was/were ahead (honorific) |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Korean entries.