Korean reference
절하다
jeolhada
to bow deeply
Irregular · 24 form tables
Includes verbs and adjectives. Rows show speech levels and constructions, rather than personal pronouns. Honorific forms refer to a respected subject.
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Tense
Present
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | jeolhaeyobow deeply |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | jeolhamnidabow deeply |
| 해체, casual level | jeolhaebow deeply |
| 한다체, plain written level | jeolhandabow deeply |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | jeolhaesseoyobowed deeply |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | jeolhaetseumnidabowed deeply |
| 해체, casual level | jeolhaesseobowed deeply |
| 한다체, plain written level | jeolhaetdabowed deeply |
Future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | jeolhal geoyeyowill bow deeply |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | jeolhal geomnidawill bow deeply |
| 해체, casual level | jeolhal geoyawill bow deeply |
| 한다체, plain written level | jeolhal geosidawill bow deeply |
Intention / conjecture
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | jeolhagesseoyowill probably bow deeply |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | jeolhagetseumnidawill probably bow deeply |
| 해체, casual level | jeolhagesseowill probably bow deeply |
| 한다체, plain written level | jeolhagetdawill probably bow deeply |
Progressive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | jeolhago isseoyobe bowing deeply |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | jeolhago itseumnidabe bowing deeply |
| 해체, casual level | jeolhago isseobe bowing deeply |
| 한다체, plain written level | jeolhago itdabe bowing deeply |
Negative
Short negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | an jeolhaeyodo not bow deeply |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | an jeolhamnidado not bow deeply |
| 해체, casual level | an jeolhaedo not bow deeply |
| 한다체, plain written level | an jeolhandado not bow deeply |
Long negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | jeolhaji anayodo not bow deeply |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | jeolhaji anseumnidado not bow deeply |
| 해체, casual level | jeolhaji anado not bow deeply |
| 한다체, plain written level | jeolhaji anneundado not bow deeply |
Endings
Honorific
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | jeolhaseyohe/she bows deeply (honorific) |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | jeolhasimnidahe/she bows deeply (honorific) |
| 해체, casual level | jeolhasyeohe/she bows deeply (honorific) |
| 한다체, plain written level | jeolhasindahe/she bows deeply (honorific) |
Wish
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | jeolhago sipeoyoI want to bow deeply |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | jeolhago sipseumnidaI want to bow deeply |
| 해체, casual level | jeolhago sipeoI want to bow deeply |
| 한다체, plain written level | jeolhago sipdaI want to bow deeply |
Question
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | jeolhaeyo?do you bow deeply? |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | jeolhamnikka?do you bow deeply? |
| 해체, casual level | jeolhae?do you bow deeply? |
| 한다체, plain written level | jeolhani?do you bow deeply? |
Past question
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | jeolhaesseoyo?did you bow deeply? |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | jeolhaetseumnikka?did you bow deeply? |
| 해체, casual level | jeolhaesseo?did you bow deeply? |
| 한다체, plain written level | jeolhaenni?did you bow deeply? |
Request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | jeolhaseyobow deeply! |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | jeolhasipsiobow deeply! |
| 해체, casual level | jeolhaebow deeply! |
| 한다체, plain written level | jeolhaerabow deeply! |
Proposal
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | jeolhaeyolet's bow deeply! |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | jeolhapsidalet's bow deeply! |
| 해체, casual level | jeolhajalet's bow deeply! |
| 한다체, plain written level | jeolhajalet's bow deeply! |
Promise
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | jeolhalgeyoI will bow deeply |
| 해체, casual level | jeolhalgeI will bow deeply |
Shall I?
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | jeolhalkkayo?shall I bow deeply? |
| 해체, casual level | jeolhalkka?shall I bow deeply? |
Linking
And
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | jeolhagoI bow deeply, and |
And so / because
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | jeolhaeseobecause I bow deeply |
If
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | jeolhamyeonif you bow deeply |
But
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | jeolhajimanI bow deeply, but |
Because
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | jeolhanikkabecause I bow deeply |
Background
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | jeolhaneundeI bow deeply (background) |
Modifier
Present noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | jeolhaneunbow deeply (before a noun) |
Past noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | jeolhanbowed deeply (before a noun) |
Future noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | jeolhalwill bow deeply (before a noun) |
Additional forms
Additional honorific forms
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Saying it happened (았/었) | jeolhasyeosseoyohe/she bowed deeply (honorific) |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Korean entries.