Korean reference
조심하다
josimhada
to be careful
Irregular · 24 form tables
Includes verbs and adjectives. Rows show speech levels and constructions, rather than personal pronouns. Honorific forms refer to a respected subject.
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Tense
Present
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | josimhaeyoam/is/are careful |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | josimhamnidaam/is/are careful |
| 해체, casual level | josimhaeam/is/are careful |
| 한다체, plain written level | josimhandaam/is/are careful |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | josimhaesseoyowas/were careful |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | josimhaetseumnidawas/were careful |
| 해체, casual level | josimhaesseowas/were careful |
| 한다체, plain written level | josimhaetdawas/were careful |
Future
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | josimhal geoyeyowill be careful |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | josimhal geomnidawill be careful |
| 해체, casual level | josimhal geoyawill be careful |
| 한다체, plain written level | josimhal geosidawill be careful |
Intention / conjecture
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | josimhagesseoyowill probably be careful |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | josimhagetseumnidawill probably be careful |
| 해체, casual level | josimhagesseowill probably be careful |
| 한다체, plain written level | josimhagetdawill probably be careful |
Progressive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | josimhago isseoyobe careful (ongoing) |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | josimhago itseumnidabe careful (ongoing) |
| 해체, casual level | josimhago isseobe careful (ongoing) |
| 한다체, plain written level | josimhago itdabe careful (ongoing) |
Negative
Short negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | josim an haeyonot be careful |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | josim an hamnidanot be careful |
| 해체, casual level | josim an haenot be careful |
| 한다체, plain written level | josim an handanot be careful |
Long negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | josimhaji anayonot be careful |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | josimhaji anseumnidanot be careful |
| 해체, casual level | josimhaji ananot be careful |
| 한다체, plain written level | josimhaji anneundanot be careful |
Endings
Honorific
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | josimhaseyohe/she is careful (honorific) |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | josimhasimnidahe/she is careful (honorific) |
| 해체, casual level | josimhasyeohe/she is careful (honorific) |
| 한다체, plain written level | josimhasindahe/she is careful (honorific) |
Wish
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | josimhago sipeoyoI want to be careful |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | josimhago sipseumnidaI want to be careful |
| 해체, casual level | josimhago sipeoI want to be careful |
| 한다체, plain written level | josimhago sipdaI want to be careful |
Question
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | josimhaeyo?are you careful? |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | josimhamnikka?are you careful? |
| 해체, casual level | josimhae?are you careful? |
| 한다체, plain written level | josimhani?are you careful? |
Past question
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | josimhaesseoyo?were you careful? |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | josimhaetseumnikka?were you careful? |
| 해체, casual level | josimhaesseo?were you careful? |
| 한다체, plain written level | josimhaenni?were you careful? |
Request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | josimhaseyobe careful! |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | josimhasipsiobe careful! |
| 해체, casual level | josimhaebe careful! |
| 한다체, plain written level | josimhaerabe careful! |
Proposal
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | josimhaeyolet's be careful! |
| 합니다체, formal polite level | josimhapsidalet's be careful! |
| 해체, casual level | josimhajalet's be careful! |
| 한다체, plain written level | josimhajalet's be careful! |
Promise
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | josimhalgeyoI will be careful |
| 해체, casual level | josimhalgeI will be careful |
Shall I?
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| 해요체, everyday polite level | josimhalkkayo?shall I be careful? |
| 해체, casual level | josimhalkka?shall I be careful? |
Linking
And
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | josimhagoI am careful, and |
And so / because
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | josimhaeseobecause I am careful |
If
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | josimhamyeonif you are careful |
But
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | josimhajimanI am careful, but |
Because
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | josimhanikkabecause I am careful |
Background
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | josimhaneundeI am careful (background) |
Modifier
Present noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | josimhaneunbe careful (before a noun) |
Past noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | josimhanwas careful (before a noun) |
Future noun modifier
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Connecting / modifying form | josimhalwill be careful (before a noun) |
Additional forms
Additional honorific forms
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Saying it happened (았/었) | josimhasyeosseoyohe/she was/were careful (honorific) |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Korean entries.