Dutch reference
zijn
to be
Irregular · 10 form tables
Dutch forms with separate jij and u rows. Separable verbs retain their word order in each form.
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Indicative
Present
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ik | I am |
| jij | you are |
| u | you (formal) are |
| hij/zij/het | he/she/it is |
| wij | we are |
| jullie | you (plural) are |
| zij | they are |
Simple past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ik | I was |
| jij | you were |
| u | you (formal) were |
| hij/zij/het | he/she/it was |
| wij | we were |
| jullie | you (plural) were |
| zij | they were |
Compound past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ik | I was; I have been |
| jij | you were; you have been |
| u | you (formal) were; you (formal) have been |
| hij/zij/het | he/she/it was; he/she/it has been |
| wij | we were; we have been |
| jullie | you (plural) were; you (plural) have been |
| zij | they were; they have been |
Past perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ik | I had been |
| jij | you had been |
| u | you (formal) had been |
| hij/zij/het | he/she/it had been |
| wij | we had been |
| jullie | you (plural) had been |
| zij | they had been |
Future (zullen)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ik | I will be |
| jij | you will be |
| u | you (formal) will be |
| hij/zij/het | he/she/it will be |
| wij | we will be |
| jullie | you (plural) will be |
| zij | they will be |
Question (jij)
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| jij | are you? |
Future perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ik | I will have been |
| jij | you will have been |
| u | you (formal) will have been |
| hij/zij/het | he/she/it will have been |
| wij | we will have been |
| jullie | you (plural) will have been |
| zij | they will have been |
Conditional
Conditional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ik | I would be |
| jij | you would be |
| u | you (formal) would be |
| hij/zij/het | he/she/it would be |
| wij | we would be |
| jullie | you (plural) would be |
| zij | they would be |
Conditional perfect
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| ik | I would have been |
| jij | you would have been |
| u | you (formal) would have been |
| hij/zij/het | he/she/it would have been |
| wij | we would have been |
| jullie | you (plural) would have been |
| zij | they would have been |
Imperative
Imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| jij | be! |
| u | be! (formal) |
| jullie | be! (plural) |
Additional forms
- Infinitive with te
- Present participle
- Past participle
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Dutch entries.