Italian grammar foundations

Build complete Italian statements about people, possessions, and things around you. Learn essential verbs, articles, present endings, and clear ways to say that something exists.

Build a complete Italian sentence

Begin with the two essential verbs essere and avere, then connect them to articles and noun gender. The present verb lesson explains how endings identify the person, while the existence lesson distinguishes introducing something from describing a known subject. These foundations let you create statements about people, objects, and everyday situations with a clear grammatical center.

Give small words a clear job

Articles identify noun phrases, while ci can participate in an existence expression or refer to a place in a different construction. Read the whole sentence before assigning a translation to a small word. A form that is familiar in one lesson may serve another purpose elsewhere, so connect each example to the message it actually communicates.

Move from recognition to production

Reconstruct a short statement before looking at the answer choices. Change the person or number and explain which part of the sentence changes with it. The conversation hub turns these foundations into useful questions, and the everyday grammar hub adds descriptions, ownership, location, and preferences. Return to the examples after a break to check what you can retrieve independently.

Sources

• Treccani Vocabolario: essere
• Treccani Vocabolario: avere
• Treccani, La grammatica italiana: Articles
• Treccani, La grammatica italiana: Personal pronouns
• Treccani, La grammatica italiana: Ci
• Treccani, La grammatica italiana: Conjugation