Japanese reference
しゃべる
to chat; to talk
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | しゃべる (shaberu)chat |
| Polite, masu | しゃべります (shaberimasu)chat |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | しゃべらない (shaberanai)do not chat |
| Polite negative | しゃべりません (shaberimasen)do not chat |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | しゃべった (shabetta)chatted |
| Polite past | しゃべりました (shaberimashita)chatted |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | しゃべらなかった (shaberanakatta)did not chat |
| Polite past negative | しゃべりませんでした (shaberimasendeshita)did not chat |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | しゃべって (shabette)chatting (and then) |
| Polite te-form | しゃべりまして (shaberimashite)chatting (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | しゃべっている (shabetteiru)be chatting |
| Polite te-iru | しゃべっています (shabetteimasu)be chatting |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | しゃべれば (shabereba)if you chat |
| Rare literary polite conditional | しゃべりますれば (shaberimasureba)if you chat (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | しゃべったら (shabettara)if you chat |
| Polite conditional, tara | しゃべりましたら (shaberimashitara)if you chat |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | しゃべれる (shabereru)can chat |
| Polite potential | しゃべれます (shaberemasu)can chat |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | しゃべろう (shaberou)let's chat! |
| Polite volitional | しゃべりましょう (shaberimashou)let's chat! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | しゃべりたい (shaberitai)want to chat |
| Polite desire, tai | しゃべりたいです (shaberitaidesu)want to chat |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | しゃべられる (shaberareru)be affected when someone chats |
| Polite passive | しゃべられます (shaberaremasu)be affected when someone chats |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | しゃべらせる (shaberaseru)make or let someone chat |
| Polite causative | しゃべらせます (shaberasemasu)make or let someone chat |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | しゃべらせられる (shaberaserareru)be made to chat |
| Polite causative-passive | しゃべらせられます (shaberaseraremasu)be made to chat |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | しゃべるな (shaberuna)do not chat! |
| Polite negative request | しゃべらないでください (shaberanaidekudasai)please do not chat |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | しゃべります (shaberimasu)chat |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | しゃべりません (shaberimasen)do not chat |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | しゃべりました (shaberimashita)chatted |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | しゃべりませんでした (shaberimasendeshita)did not chat |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | しゃべってください (shabettekudasai)please chat |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | しゃべらないでください (shaberanaidekudasai)please do not chat |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | しゃべりましょう (shaberimashou)let's chat! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | しゃべってもいい (shabettemoii)may chat |
| Polite permission | しゃべってもいいです (shabettemoiidesu)may chat |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | しゃべってはいけない (shabettehaikenai)must not chat |
| Polite prohibition | しゃべってはいけません (shabettehaikemasen)must not chat |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | しゃべりなさい (shaberinasai)chat (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | しゃべってみる (shabettemiru)try to chat |
| Polite try doing | しゃべってみます (shabettemimasu)try to chat |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | しゃべってしまう (shabetteshimau)chat completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | しゃべってしまいます (shabetteshimaimasu)chat completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | しゃべっておく (shabetteoku)chat in advance |
| Polite preparation | しゃべっておきます (shabetteokimasu)chat in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | しゃべったことがある (shabettakotogaaru)have the experience of: chatted |
| Polite past experience | しゃべったことがあります (shabettakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: chatted |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | しゃべると (shaberuto)whenever you chat |
| Polite automatic result | しゃべりますと (shaberimasuto)whenever you chat |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | しゃべるなら (shaberunara)if you mean to chat |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | しゃべるだろう (shaberudarou)probably chat |
| Polite probability | しゃべるでしょう (shaberudeshou)probably chat |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | しゃべれ (shabere)chat! |
| Polite request | しゃべってください (shabettekudasai)please chat |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.