Japanese reference
交換する
こうかんする
to exchange (an item)
Irregular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | こうかんする (koukansuru)exchange (an item) |
| Polite, masu | こうかんします (koukanshimasu)exchange (an item) |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | こうかんしない (koukanshinai)do not exchange (an item) |
| Polite negative | こうかんしません (koukanshimasen)do not exchange (an item) |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | こうかんした (koukanshita)exchanged (an item) |
| Polite past | こうかんしました (koukanshimashita)exchanged (an item) |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | こうかんしなかった (koukanshinakatta)did not exchange (an item) |
| Polite past negative | こうかんしませんでした (koukanshimasendeshita)did not exchange (an item) |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | こうかんして (koukanshite)exchanging (an item) (and then) |
| Polite te-form | こうかんしまして (koukanshimashite)exchanging (an item) (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | こうかんしている (koukanshiteiru)be exchanging (an item) |
| Polite te-iru | こうかんしています (koukanshiteimasu)be exchanging (an item) |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | こうかんすれば (koukansureba)if you exchange (an item) |
| Rare literary polite conditional | こうかんしますれば (koukanshimasureba)if you exchange (an item) (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | こうかんしたら (koukanshitara)if you exchange (an item) |
| Polite conditional, tara | こうかんしましたら (koukanshimashitara)if you exchange (an item) |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | こうかんできる (koukandekiru)can exchange (an item) |
| Polite potential | こうかんできます (koukandekimasu)can exchange (an item) |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | こうかんしよう (koukanshiyou)let's exchange (an item)! |
| Polite volitional | こうかんしましょう (koukanshimashou)let's exchange (an item)! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | こうかんしたい (koukanshitai)want to exchange (an item) |
| Polite desire, tai | こうかんしたいです (koukanshitaidesu)want to exchange (an item) |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | こうかんされる (koukansareru)be affected when someone exchanges (an item) |
| Polite passive | こうかんされます (koukansaremasu)be affected when someone exchanges (an item) |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | こうかんさせる (koukansaseru)make or let someone exchange (an item) |
| Polite causative | こうかんさせます (koukansasemasu)make or let someone exchange (an item) |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | こうかんさせられる (koukansaserareru)be made to exchange (an item) |
| Polite causative-passive | こうかんさせられます (koukansaseraremasu)be made to exchange (an item) |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | こうかんするな (koukansuruna)do not exchange (an item)! |
| Polite negative request | こうかんしないでください (koukanshinaidekudasai)please do not exchange (an item) |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | こうかんします (koukanshimasu)exchange (an item) |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | こうかんしません (koukanshimasen)do not exchange (an item) |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | こうかんしました (koukanshimashita)exchanged (an item) |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | こうかんしませんでした (koukanshimasendeshita)did not exchange (an item) |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | こうかんしてください (koukanshitekudasai)please exchange (an item) |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | こうかんしないでください (koukanshinaidekudasai)please do not exchange (an item) |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | こうかんしましょう (koukanshimashou)let's exchange (an item)! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | こうかんしてもいい (koukanshitemoii)may exchange (an item) |
| Polite permission | こうかんしてもいいです (koukanshitemoiidesu)may exchange (an item) |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | こうかんしてはいけない (koukanshitehaikenai)must not exchange (an item) |
| Polite prohibition | こうかんしてはいけません (koukanshitehaikemasen)must not exchange (an item) |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | こうかんしなさい (koukanshinasai)exchange (an item) (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | こうかんしてみる (koukanshitemiru)try to exchange (an item) |
| Polite try doing | こうかんしてみます (koukanshitemimasu)try to exchange (an item) |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | こうかんしてしまう (koukanshiteshimau)exchange (an item) completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | こうかんしてしまいます (koukanshiteshimaimasu)exchange (an item) completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | こうかんしておく (koukanshiteoku)exchange (an item) in advance |
| Polite preparation | こうかんしておきます (koukanshiteokimasu)exchange (an item) in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | こうかんしたことがある (koukanshitakotogaaru)have the experience of: exchanged (an item) |
| Polite past experience | こうかんしたことがあります (koukanshitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: exchanged (an item) |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | こうかんすると (koukansuruto)whenever you exchange (an item) |
| Polite automatic result | こうかんしますと (koukanshimasuto)whenever you exchange (an item) |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | こうかんするなら (koukansurunara)if you mean to exchange (an item) |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | こうかんするだろう (koukansurudarou)probably exchange (an item) |
| Polite probability | こうかんするでしょう (koukansurudeshou)probably exchange (an item) |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | こうかんしろ (koukanshiro)exchange (an item)! |
| Polite request | こうかんしてください (koukanshitekudasai)please exchange (an item) |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.