Japanese reference
備える
そなえる
to prepare for; to equip
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | そなえる (sonaeru)prepare for |
| Polite, masu | そなえます (sonaemasu)prepare for |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | そなえない (sonaenai)do not prepare for |
| Polite negative | そなえません (sonaemasen)do not prepare for |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | そなえた (sonaeta)prepared for |
| Polite past | そなえました (sonaemashita)prepared for |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | そなえなかった (sonaenakatta)did not prepare for |
| Polite past negative | そなえませんでした (sonaemasendeshita)did not prepare for |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | そなえて (sonaete)preparing for (and then) |
| Polite te-form | そなえまして (sonaemashite)preparing for (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | そなえている (sonaeteiru)be preparing for |
| Polite te-iru | そなえています (sonaeteimasu)be preparing for |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | そなえれば (sonaereba)if you prepare for |
| Rare literary polite conditional | そなえますれば (sonaemasureba)if you prepare for (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | そなえたら (sonaetara)if you prepare for |
| Polite conditional, tara | そなえましたら (sonaemashitara)if you prepare for |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | そなえられる (sonaerareru)can prepare for |
| Polite potential | そなえられます (sonaeraremasu)can prepare for |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | そなえよう (sonaeyou)let's prepare for! |
| Polite volitional | そなえましょう (sonaemashou)let's prepare for! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | そなえたい (sonaetai)want to prepare for |
| Polite desire, tai | そなえたいです (sonaetaidesu)want to prepare for |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | そなえられる (sonaerareru)be affected when someone prepares for |
| Polite passive | そなえられます (sonaeraremasu)be affected when someone prepares for |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | そなえさせる (sonaesaseru)make or let someone prepare for |
| Polite causative | そなえさせます (sonaesasemasu)make or let someone prepare for |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | そなえさせられる (sonaesaserareru)be made to prepare for |
| Polite causative-passive | そなえさせられます (sonaesaseraremasu)be made to prepare for |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | そなえるな (sonaeruna)do not prepare for! |
| Polite negative request | そなえないでください (sonaenaidekudasai)please do not prepare for |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | そなえます (sonaemasu)prepare for |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | そなえません (sonaemasen)do not prepare for |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | そなえました (sonaemashita)prepared for |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | そなえませんでした (sonaemasendeshita)did not prepare for |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | そなえてください (sonaetekudasai)please prepare for |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | そなえないでください (sonaenaidekudasai)please do not prepare for |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | そなえましょう (sonaemashou)let's prepare for! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | そなえてもいい (sonaetemoii)may prepare for |
| Polite permission | そなえてもいいです (sonaetemoiidesu)may prepare for |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | そなえてはいけない (sonaetehaikenai)must not prepare for |
| Polite prohibition | そなえてはいけません (sonaetehaikemasen)must not prepare for |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | そなえなさい (sonaenasai)prepare for (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | そなえてみる (sonaetemiru)try to prepare for |
| Polite try doing | そなえてみます (sonaetemimasu)try to prepare for |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | そなえてしまう (sonaeteshimau)prepare for completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | そなえてしまいます (sonaeteshimaimasu)prepare for completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | そなえておく (sonaeteoku)prepare for in advance |
| Polite preparation | そなえておきます (sonaeteokimasu)prepare for in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | そなえたことがある (sonaetakotogaaru)have the experience of: prepared for |
| Polite past experience | そなえたことがあります (sonaetakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: prepared for |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | そなえると (sonaeruto)whenever you prepare for |
| Polite automatic result | そなえますと (sonaemasuto)whenever you prepare for |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | そなえるなら (sonaerunara)if you mean to prepare for |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | そなえるだろう (sonaerudarou)probably prepare for |
| Polite probability | そなえるでしょう (sonaerudeshou)probably prepare for |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | そなえろ (sonaero)prepare for! |
| Polite request | そなえてください (sonaetekudasai)please prepare for |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.