Japanese reference
卒業する
そつぎょうする
to graduate
Irregular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | そつぎょうする (sotsugyousuru)graduate |
| Polite, masu | そつぎょうします (sotsugyoushimasu)graduate |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | そつぎょうしない (sotsugyoushinai)do not graduate |
| Polite negative | そつぎょうしません (sotsugyoushimasen)do not graduate |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | そつぎょうした (sotsugyoushita)graduated |
| Polite past | そつぎょうしました (sotsugyoushimashita)graduated |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | そつぎょうしなかった (sotsugyoushinakatta)did not graduate |
| Polite past negative | そつぎょうしませんでした (sotsugyoushimasendeshita)did not graduate |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | そつぎょうして (sotsugyoushite)graduating (and then) |
| Polite te-form | そつぎょうしまして (sotsugyoushimashite)graduating (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | そつぎょうしている (sotsugyoushiteiru)be graduating |
| Polite te-iru | そつぎょうしています (sotsugyoushiteimasu)be graduating |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | そつぎょうすれば (sotsugyousureba)if you graduate |
| Rare literary polite conditional | そつぎょうしますれば (sotsugyoushimasureba)if you graduate (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | そつぎょうしたら (sotsugyoushitara)if you graduate |
| Polite conditional, tara | そつぎょうしましたら (sotsugyoushimashitara)if you graduate |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | そつぎょうできる (sotsugyoudekiru)can graduate |
| Polite potential | そつぎょうできます (sotsugyoudekimasu)can graduate |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | そつぎょうしよう (sotsugyoushiyou)let's graduate! |
| Polite volitional | そつぎょうしましょう (sotsugyoushimashou)let's graduate! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | そつぎょうしたい (sotsugyoushitai)want to graduate |
| Polite desire, tai | そつぎょうしたいです (sotsugyoushitaidesu)want to graduate |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | そつぎょうされる (sotsugyousareru)be affected when someone graduates |
| Polite passive | そつぎょうされます (sotsugyousaremasu)be affected when someone graduates |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | そつぎょうさせる (sotsugyousaseru)make or let someone graduate |
| Polite causative | そつぎょうさせます (sotsugyousasemasu)make or let someone graduate |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | そつぎょうさせられる (sotsugyousaserareru)be made to graduate |
| Polite causative-passive | そつぎょうさせられます (sotsugyousaseraremasu)be made to graduate |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | そつぎょうするな (sotsugyousuruna)do not graduate! |
| Polite negative request | そつぎょうしないでください (sotsugyoushinaidekudasai)please do not graduate |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | そつぎょうします (sotsugyoushimasu)graduate |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | そつぎょうしません (sotsugyoushimasen)do not graduate |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | そつぎょうしました (sotsugyoushimashita)graduated |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | そつぎょうしませんでした (sotsugyoushimasendeshita)did not graduate |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | そつぎょうしてください (sotsugyoushitekudasai)please graduate |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | そつぎょうしないでください (sotsugyoushinaidekudasai)please do not graduate |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | そつぎょうしましょう (sotsugyoushimashou)let's graduate! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | そつぎょうしてもいい (sotsugyoushitemoii)may graduate |
| Polite permission | そつぎょうしてもいいです (sotsugyoushitemoiidesu)may graduate |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | そつぎょうしてはいけない (sotsugyoushitehaikenai)must not graduate |
| Polite prohibition | そつぎょうしてはいけません (sotsugyoushitehaikemasen)must not graduate |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | そつぎょうしなさい (sotsugyoushinasai)graduate (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | そつぎょうしてみる (sotsugyoushitemiru)try to graduate |
| Polite try doing | そつぎょうしてみます (sotsugyoushitemimasu)try to graduate |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | そつぎょうしてしまう (sotsugyoushiteshimau)graduate completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | そつぎょうしてしまいます (sotsugyoushiteshimaimasu)graduate completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | そつぎょうしておく (sotsugyoushiteoku)graduate in advance |
| Polite preparation | そつぎょうしておきます (sotsugyoushiteokimasu)graduate in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | そつぎょうしたことがある (sotsugyoushitakotogaaru)have the experience of: graduated |
| Polite past experience | そつぎょうしたことがあります (sotsugyoushitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: graduated |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | そつぎょうすると (sotsugyousuruto)whenever you graduate |
| Polite automatic result | そつぎょうしますと (sotsugyoushimasuto)whenever you graduate |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | そつぎょうするなら (sotsugyousurunara)if you mean to graduate |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | そつぎょうするだろう (sotsugyousurudarou)probably graduate |
| Polite probability | そつぎょうするでしょう (sotsugyousurudeshou)probably graduate |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | そつぎょうしろ (sotsugyoushiro)graduate! |
| Polite request | そつぎょうしてください (sotsugyoushitekudasai)please graduate |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.