Japanese reference
冷ます
さます
to cool something down
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | さます (samasu)cool something down |
| Polite, masu | さまします (samashimasu)cool something down |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | さまさない (samasanai)do not cool something down |
| Polite negative | さましません (samashimasen)do not cool something down |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | さました (samashita)cooled something down |
| Polite past | さましました (samashimashita)cooled something down |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | さまさなかった (samasanakatta)did not cool something down |
| Polite past negative | さましませんでした (samashimasendeshita)did not cool something down |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | さまして (samashite)cooling something down (and then) |
| Polite te-form | さましまして (samashimashite)cooling something down (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | さましている (samashiteiru)be cooling something down |
| Polite te-iru | さましています (samashiteimasu)be cooling something down |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | さませば (samaseba)if you cool something down |
| Rare literary polite conditional | さましますれば (samashimasureba)if you cool something down (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | さましたら (samashitara)if you cool something down |
| Polite conditional, tara | さましましたら (samashimashitara)if you cool something down |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | さませる (samaseru)can cool something down |
| Polite potential | さませます (samasemasu)can cool something down |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | さまそう (samasou)let's cool something down! |
| Polite volitional | さましましょう (samashimashou)let's cool something down! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | さましたい (samashitai)want to cool something down |
| Polite desire, tai | さましたいです (samashitaidesu)want to cool something down |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | さまされる (samasareru)be affected when someone cools something down |
| Polite passive | さまされます (samasaremasu)be affected when someone cools something down |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | さまさせる (samasaseru)make or let someone cool something down |
| Polite causative | さまさせます (samasasemasu)make or let someone cool something down |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | さまさせられる (samasaserareru)be made to cool something down |
| Polite causative-passive | さまさせられます (samasaseraremasu)be made to cool something down |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | さますな (samasuna)do not cool something down! |
| Polite negative request | さまさないでください (samasanaidekudasai)please do not cool something down |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | さまします (samashimasu)cool something down |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | さましません (samashimasen)do not cool something down |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | さましました (samashimashita)cooled something down |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | さましませんでした (samashimasendeshita)did not cool something down |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | さましてください (samashitekudasai)please cool something down |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | さまさないでください (samasanaidekudasai)please do not cool something down |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | さましましょう (samashimashou)let's cool something down! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | さましてもいい (samashitemoii)may cool something down |
| Polite permission | さましてもいいです (samashitemoiidesu)may cool something down |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | さましてはいけない (samashitehaikenai)must not cool something down |
| Polite prohibition | さましてはいけません (samashitehaikemasen)must not cool something down |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | さましなさい (samashinasai)cool something down (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | さましてみる (samashitemiru)try to cool something down |
| Polite try doing | さましてみます (samashitemimasu)try to cool something down |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | さましてしまう (samashiteshimau)cool something down completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | さましてしまいます (samashiteshimaimasu)cool something down completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | さましておく (samashiteoku)cool something down in advance |
| Polite preparation | さましておきます (samashiteokimasu)cool something down in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | さましたことがある (samashitakotogaaru)have the experience of: cooled something down |
| Polite past experience | さましたことがあります (samashitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: cooled something down |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | さますと (samasuto)whenever you cool something down |
| Polite automatic result | さましますと (samashimasuto)whenever you cool something down |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | さますなら (samasunara)if you mean to cool something down |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | さますだろう (samasudarou)probably cool something down |
| Polite probability | さますでしょう (samasudeshou)probably cool something down |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | さませ (samase)cool something down! |
| Polite request | さましてください (samashitekudasai)please cool something down |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.