Japanese reference
定める
さだめる
to establish; to determine
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | さだめる (sadameru)establish |
| Polite, masu | さだめます (sadamemasu)establish |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | さだめない (sadamenai)do not establish |
| Polite negative | さだめません (sadamemasen)do not establish |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | さだめた (sadameta)established |
| Polite past | さだめました (sadamemashita)established |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | さだめなかった (sadamenakatta)did not establish |
| Polite past negative | さだめませんでした (sadamemasendeshita)did not establish |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | さだめて (sadamete)establishing (and then) |
| Polite te-form | さだめまして (sadamemashite)establishing (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | さだめている (sadameteiru)be establishing |
| Polite te-iru | さだめています (sadameteimasu)be establishing |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | さだめれば (sadamereba)if you establish |
| Rare literary polite conditional | さだめますれば (sadamemasureba)if you establish (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | さだめたら (sadametara)if you establish |
| Polite conditional, tara | さだめましたら (sadamemashitara)if you establish |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | さだめられる (sadamerareru)can establish |
| Polite potential | さだめられます (sadameraremasu)can establish |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | さだめよう (sadameyou)let's establish! |
| Polite volitional | さだめましょう (sadamemashou)let's establish! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | さだめたい (sadametai)want to establish |
| Polite desire, tai | さだめたいです (sadametaidesu)want to establish |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | さだめられる (sadamerareru)be affected when someone establishes |
| Polite passive | さだめられます (sadameraremasu)be affected when someone establishes |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | さだめさせる (sadamesaseru)make or let someone establish |
| Polite causative | さだめさせます (sadamesasemasu)make or let someone establish |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | さだめさせられる (sadamesaserareru)be made to establish |
| Polite causative-passive | さだめさせられます (sadamesaseraremasu)be made to establish |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | さだめるな (sadameruna)do not establish! |
| Polite negative request | さだめないでください (sadamenaidekudasai)please do not establish |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | さだめます (sadamemasu)establish |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | さだめません (sadamemasen)do not establish |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | さだめました (sadamemashita)established |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | さだめませんでした (sadamemasendeshita)did not establish |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | さだめてください (sadametekudasai)please establish |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | さだめないでください (sadamenaidekudasai)please do not establish |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | さだめましょう (sadamemashou)let's establish! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | さだめてもいい (sadametemoii)may establish |
| Polite permission | さだめてもいいです (sadametemoiidesu)may establish |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | さだめてはいけない (sadametehaikenai)must not establish |
| Polite prohibition | さだめてはいけません (sadametehaikemasen)must not establish |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | さだめなさい (sadamenasai)establish (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | さだめてみる (sadametemiru)try to establish |
| Polite try doing | さだめてみます (sadametemimasu)try to establish |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | さだめてしまう (sadameteshimau)establish completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | さだめてしまいます (sadameteshimaimasu)establish completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | さだめておく (sadameteoku)establish in advance |
| Polite preparation | さだめておきます (sadameteokimasu)establish in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | さだめたことがある (sadametakotogaaru)have the experience of: established |
| Polite past experience | さだめたことがあります (sadametakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: established |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | さだめると (sadameruto)whenever you establish |
| Polite automatic result | さだめますと (sadamemasuto)whenever you establish |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | さだめるなら (sadamerunara)if you mean to establish |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | さだめるだろう (sadamerudarou)probably establish |
| Polite probability | さだめるでしょう (sadamerudeshou)probably establish |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | さだめろ (sadamero)establish! |
| Polite request | さだめてください (sadametekudasai)please establish |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.