Japanese reference
出る
でる
to leave
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | でる (deru)leave |
| Polite, masu | でます (demasu)leave |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | でない (denai)do not leave |
| Polite negative | でません (demasen)do not leave |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | でた (deta)left |
| Polite past | でました (demashita)left |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | でなかった (denakatta)did not leave |
| Polite past negative | でませんでした (demasendeshita)did not leave |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | でて (dete)leaving (and then) |
| Polite te-form | でまして (demashite)leaving (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | でている (deteiru)have left |
| Polite te-iru | でています (deteimasu)have left |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | でれば (dereba)if you leave |
| Rare literary polite conditional | でますれば (demasureba)if you leave (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | でたら (detara)if you leave |
| Polite conditional, tara | でましたら (demashitara)if you leave |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | でられる (derareru)can leave |
| Polite potential | でられます (deraremasu)can leave |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | でよう (deyou)let's leave! |
| Polite volitional | でましょう (demashou)let's leave! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | でたい (detai)want to leave |
| Polite desire, tai | でたいです (detaidesu)want to leave |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | でられる (derareru)be affected when someone leaves |
| Polite passive | でられます (deraremasu)be affected when someone leaves |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | でさせる (desaseru)make or let someone leave |
| Polite causative | でさせます (desasemasu)make or let someone leave |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | でさせられる (desaserareru)be made to leave |
| Polite causative-passive | でさせられます (desaseraremasu)be made to leave |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | でるな (deruna)do not leave! |
| Polite negative request | でないでください (denaidekudasai)please do not leave |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | でます (demasu)leave |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | でません (demasen)do not leave |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | でました (demashita)left |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | でませんでした (demasendeshita)did not leave |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | でてください (detekudasai)please leave |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | でないでください (denaidekudasai)please do not leave |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | でましょう (demashou)let's leave! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | でてもいい (detemoii)may leave |
| Polite permission | でてもいいです (detemoiidesu)may leave |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | でてはいけない (detehaikenai)must not leave |
| Polite prohibition | でてはいけません (detehaikemasen)must not leave |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | でなさい (denasai)leave (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | でてみる (detemiru)try to leave |
| Polite try doing | でてみます (detemimasu)try to leave |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | でてしまう (deteshimau)leave completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | でてしまいます (deteshimaimasu)leave completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | でておく (deteoku)leave in advance |
| Polite preparation | でておきます (deteokimasu)leave in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | でたことがある (detakotogaaru)have the experience of: left |
| Polite past experience | でたことがあります (detakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: left |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | でると (deruto)whenever you leave |
| Polite automatic result | でますと (demasuto)whenever you leave |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | でるなら (derunara)if you mean to leave |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | でるだろう (derudarou)probably leave |
| Polite probability | でるでしょう (derudeshou)probably leave |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | でろ (dero)leave! |
| Polite request | でてください (detekudasai)please leave |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.