Japanese reference
加える
くわえる
to add
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
Audio requires a compatible voice in your browser.
Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | くわえる (kuwaeru)add |
| Polite, masu | くわえます (kuwaemasu)add |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | くわえない (kuwaenai)do not add |
| Polite negative | くわえません (kuwaemasen)do not add |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | くわえた (kuwaeta)added |
| Polite past | くわえました (kuwaemashita)added |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | くわえなかった (kuwaenakatta)did not add |
| Polite past negative | くわえませんでした (kuwaemasendeshita)did not add |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | くわえて (kuwaete)adding (and then) |
| Polite te-form | くわえまして (kuwaemashite)adding (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | くわえている (kuwaeteiru)be adding |
| Polite te-iru | くわえています (kuwaeteimasu)be adding |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | くわえれば (kuwaereba)if you add |
| Rare literary polite conditional | くわえますれば (kuwaemasureba)if you add (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | くわえたら (kuwaetara)if you add |
| Polite conditional, tara | くわえましたら (kuwaemashitara)if you add |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | くわえられる (kuwaerareru)can add |
| Polite potential | くわえられます (kuwaeraremasu)can add |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | くわえよう (kuwaeyou)let's add! |
| Polite volitional | くわえましょう (kuwaemashou)let's add! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | くわえたい (kuwaetai)want to add |
| Polite desire, tai | くわえたいです (kuwaetaidesu)want to add |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | くわえられる (kuwaerareru)be added |
| Polite passive | くわえられます (kuwaeraremasu)be added |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | くわえさせる (kuwaesaseru)make or let someone add |
| Polite causative | くわえさせます (kuwaesasemasu)make or let someone add |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | くわえさせられる (kuwaesaserareru)be made to add |
| Polite causative-passive | くわえさせられます (kuwaesaseraremasu)be made to add |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | くわえるな (kuwaeruna)do not add! |
| Polite negative request | くわえないでください (kuwaenaidekudasai)please do not add |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | くわえます (kuwaemasu)add |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | くわえません (kuwaemasen)do not add |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | くわえました (kuwaemashita)added |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | くわえませんでした (kuwaemasendeshita)did not add |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | くわえてください (kuwaetekudasai)please add |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | くわえないでください (kuwaenaidekudasai)please do not add |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | くわえましょう (kuwaemashou)let's add! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | くわえてもいい (kuwaetemoii)may add |
| Polite permission | くわえてもいいです (kuwaetemoiidesu)may add |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | くわえてはいけない (kuwaetehaikenai)must not add |
| Polite prohibition | くわえてはいけません (kuwaetehaikemasen)must not add |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | くわえなさい (kuwaenasai)add (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | くわえてみる (kuwaetemiru)try to add |
| Polite try doing | くわえてみます (kuwaetemimasu)try to add |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | くわえてしまう (kuwaeteshimau)add completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | くわえてしまいます (kuwaeteshimaimasu)add completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | くわえておく (kuwaeteoku)add in advance |
| Polite preparation | くわえておきます (kuwaeteokimasu)add in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | くわえたことがある (kuwaetakotogaaru)have the experience of: added |
| Polite past experience | くわえたことがあります (kuwaetakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: added |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | くわえると (kuwaeruto)whenever you add |
| Polite automatic result | くわえますと (kuwaemasuto)whenever you add |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | くわえるなら (kuwaerunara)if you mean to add |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | くわえるだろう (kuwaerudarou)probably add |
| Polite probability | くわえるでしょう (kuwaerudeshou)probably add |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | くわえろ (kuwaero)add! |
| Polite request | くわえてください (kuwaetekudasai)please add |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.