Japanese reference
及ぼす
およぼす
to exert; to cause (an effect)
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | およぼす (oyobosu)exert |
| Polite, masu | およぼします (oyoboshimasu)exert |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | およぼさない (oyobosanai)do not exert |
| Polite negative | およぼしません (oyoboshimasen)do not exert |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | およぼした (oyoboshita)exerted |
| Polite past | およぼしました (oyoboshimashita)exerted |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | およぼさなかった (oyobosanakatta)did not exert |
| Polite past negative | およぼしませんでした (oyoboshimasendeshita)did not exert |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | およぼして (oyoboshite)exerting (and then) |
| Polite te-form | およぼしまして (oyoboshimashite)exerting (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | およぼしている (oyoboshiteiru)be exerting |
| Polite te-iru | およぼしています (oyoboshiteimasu)be exerting |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | およぼせば (oyoboseba)if you exert |
| Rare literary polite conditional | およぼしますれば (oyoboshimasureba)if you exert (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | およぼしたら (oyoboshitara)if you exert |
| Polite conditional, tara | およぼしましたら (oyoboshimashitara)if you exert |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | およぼせる (oyoboseru)can exert |
| Polite potential | およぼせます (oyobosemasu)can exert |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | およぼそう (oyobosou)let's exert! |
| Polite volitional | およぼしましょう (oyoboshimashou)let's exert! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | およぼしたい (oyoboshitai)want to exert |
| Polite desire, tai | およぼしたいです (oyoboshitaidesu)want to exert |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | およぼされる (oyobosareru)be affected when someone exerts |
| Polite passive | およぼされます (oyobosaremasu)be affected when someone exerts |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | およぼさせる (oyobosaseru)make or let someone exert |
| Polite causative | およぼさせます (oyobosasemasu)make or let someone exert |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | およぼさせられる (oyobosaserareru)be made to exert |
| Polite causative-passive | およぼさせられます (oyobosaseraremasu)be made to exert |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | およぼすな (oyobosuna)do not exert! |
| Polite negative request | およぼさないでください (oyobosanaidekudasai)please do not exert |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | およぼします (oyoboshimasu)exert |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | およぼしません (oyoboshimasen)do not exert |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | およぼしました (oyoboshimashita)exerted |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | およぼしませんでした (oyoboshimasendeshita)did not exert |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | およぼしてください (oyoboshitekudasai)please exert |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | およぼさないでください (oyobosanaidekudasai)please do not exert |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | およぼしましょう (oyoboshimashou)let's exert! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | およぼしてもいい (oyoboshitemoii)may exert |
| Polite permission | およぼしてもいいです (oyoboshitemoiidesu)may exert |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | およぼしてはいけない (oyoboshitehaikenai)must not exert |
| Polite prohibition | およぼしてはいけません (oyoboshitehaikemasen)must not exert |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | およぼしなさい (oyoboshinasai)exert (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | およぼしてみる (oyoboshitemiru)try to exert |
| Polite try doing | およぼしてみます (oyoboshitemimasu)try to exert |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | およぼしてしまう (oyoboshiteshimau)exert completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | およぼしてしまいます (oyoboshiteshimaimasu)exert completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | およぼしておく (oyoboshiteoku)exert in advance |
| Polite preparation | およぼしておきます (oyoboshiteokimasu)exert in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | およぼしたことがある (oyoboshitakotogaaru)have the experience of: exerted |
| Polite past experience | およぼしたことがあります (oyoboshitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: exerted |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | およぼすと (oyobosuto)whenever you exert |
| Polite automatic result | およぼしますと (oyoboshimasuto)whenever you exert |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | およぼすなら (oyobosunara)if you mean to exert |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | およぼすだろう (oyobosudarou)probably exert |
| Polite probability | およぼすでしょう (oyobosudeshou)probably exert |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | およぼせ (oyobose)exert! |
| Polite request | およぼしてください (oyoboshitekudasai)please exert |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.