Japanese reference
叩く
たたく
to hit, strike; to knock, tap
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | たたく (tataku)hit |
| Polite, masu | たたきます (tatakimasu)hit |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | たたかない (tatakanai)do not hit |
| Polite negative | たたきません (tatakimasen)do not hit |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | たたいた (tataita)hit |
| Polite past | たたきました (tatakimashita)hit |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | たたかなかった (tatakanakatta)did not hit |
| Polite past negative | たたきませんでした (tatakimasendeshita)did not hit |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | たたいて (tataite)hitting (and then) |
| Polite te-form | たたきまして (tatakimashite)hitting (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | たたいている (tataiteiru)be hitting |
| Polite te-iru | たたいています (tataiteimasu)be hitting |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | たたけば (tatakeba)if you hit |
| Rare literary polite conditional | たたきますれば (tatakimasureba)if you hit (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | たたいたら (tataitara)if you hit |
| Polite conditional, tara | たたきましたら (tatakimashitara)if you hit |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | たたける (tatakeru)can hit |
| Polite potential | たたけます (tatakemasu)can hit |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | たたこう (tatakou)let's hit! |
| Polite volitional | たたきましょう (tatakimashou)let's hit! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | たたきたい (tatakitai)want to hit |
| Polite desire, tai | たたきたいです (tatakitaidesu)want to hit |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | たたかれる (tatakareru)be hit |
| Polite passive | たたかれます (tatakaremasu)be hit |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | たたかせる (tatakaseru)make or let someone hit |
| Polite causative | たたかせます (tatakasemasu)make or let someone hit |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | たたかせられる (tatakaserareru)be made to hit |
| Polite causative-passive | たたかせられます (tatakaseraremasu)be made to hit |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | たたくな (tatakuna)do not hit! |
| Polite negative request | たたかないでください (tatakanaidekudasai)please do not hit |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | たたきます (tatakimasu)hit |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | たたきません (tatakimasen)do not hit |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | たたきました (tatakimashita)hit |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | たたきませんでした (tatakimasendeshita)did not hit |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | たたいてください (tataitekudasai)please hit |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | たたかないでください (tatakanaidekudasai)please do not hit |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | たたきましょう (tatakimashou)let's hit! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | たたいてもいい (tataitemoii)may hit |
| Polite permission | たたいてもいいです (tataitemoiidesu)may hit |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | たたいてはいけない (tataitehaikenai)must not hit |
| Polite prohibition | たたいてはいけません (tataitehaikemasen)must not hit |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | たたきなさい (tatakinasai)hit (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | たたいてみる (tataitemiru)try to hit |
| Polite try doing | たたいてみます (tataitemimasu)try to hit |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | たたいてしまう (tataiteshimau)hit completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | たたいてしまいます (tataiteshimaimasu)hit completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | たたいておく (tataiteoku)hit in advance |
| Polite preparation | たたいておきます (tataiteokimasu)hit in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | たたいたことがある (tataitakotogaaru)have the experience of: hit |
| Polite past experience | たたいたことがあります (tataitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: hit |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | たたくと (tatakuto)whenever you hit |
| Polite automatic result | たたきますと (tatakimasuto)whenever you hit |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | たたくなら (tatakunara)if you mean to hit |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | たたくだろう (tatakudarou)probably hit |
| Polite probability | たたくでしょう (tatakudeshou)probably hit |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | たたけ (tatake)hit! |
| Polite request | たたいてください (tataitekudasai)please hit |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.