Japanese reference
叱る
しかる
to scold, tell off
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | しかる (shikaru)scold |
| Polite, masu | しかります (shikarimasu)scold |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | しからない (shikaranai)do not scold |
| Polite negative | しかりません (shikarimasen)do not scold |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | しかった (shikatta)scolded |
| Polite past | しかりました (shikarimashita)scolded |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | しからなかった (shikaranakatta)did not scold |
| Polite past negative | しかりませんでした (shikarimasendeshita)did not scold |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | しかって (shikatte)scolding (and then) |
| Polite te-form | しかりまして (shikarimashite)scolding (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | しかっている (shikatteiru)be scolding |
| Polite te-iru | しかっています (shikatteimasu)be scolding |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | しかれば (shikareba)if you scold |
| Rare literary polite conditional | しかりますれば (shikarimasureba)if you scold (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | しかったら (shikattara)if you scold |
| Polite conditional, tara | しかりましたら (shikarimashitara)if you scold |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | しかれる (shikareru)can scold |
| Polite potential | しかれます (shikaremasu)can scold |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | しかろう (shikarou)let's scold! |
| Polite volitional | しかりましょう (shikarimashou)let's scold! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | しかりたい (shikaritai)want to scold |
| Polite desire, tai | しかりたいです (shikaritaidesu)want to scold |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | しかられる (shikarareru)be scolded |
| Polite passive | しかられます (shikararemasu)be scolded |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | しからせる (shikaraseru)make or let someone scold |
| Polite causative | しからせます (shikarasemasu)make or let someone scold |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | しからせられる (shikaraserareru)be made to scold |
| Polite causative-passive | しからせられます (shikaraseraremasu)be made to scold |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | しかるな (shikaruna)do not scold! |
| Polite negative request | しからないでください (shikaranaidekudasai)please do not scold |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | しかります (shikarimasu)scold |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | しかりません (shikarimasen)do not scold |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | しかりました (shikarimashita)scolded |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | しかりませんでした (shikarimasendeshita)did not scold |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | しかってください (shikattekudasai)please scold |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | しからないでください (shikaranaidekudasai)please do not scold |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | しかりましょう (shikarimashou)let's scold! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | しかってもいい (shikattemoii)may scold |
| Polite permission | しかってもいいです (shikattemoiidesu)may scold |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | しかってはいけない (shikattehaikenai)must not scold |
| Polite prohibition | しかってはいけません (shikattehaikemasen)must not scold |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | しかりなさい (shikarinasai)scold (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | しかってみる (shikattemiru)try to scold |
| Polite try doing | しかってみます (shikattemimasu)try to scold |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | しかってしまう (shikatteshimau)scold completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | しかってしまいます (shikatteshimaimasu)scold completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | しかっておく (shikatteoku)scold in advance |
| Polite preparation | しかっておきます (shikatteokimasu)scold in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | しかったことがある (shikattakotogaaru)have the experience of: scolded |
| Polite past experience | しかったことがあります (shikattakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: scolded |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | しかると (shikaruto)whenever you scold |
| Polite automatic result | しかりますと (shikarimasuto)whenever you scold |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | しかるなら (shikarunara)if you mean to scold |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | しかるだろう (shikarudarou)probably scold |
| Polite probability | しかるでしょう (shikarudeshou)probably scold |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | しかれ (shikare)scold! |
| Polite request | しかってください (shikattekudasai)please scold |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.