Japanese reference
向く
むく
to face; to be suited to
Regular · 32 form tables
Rows describe verb forms and levels of politeness. Honorific and humble forms are labeled separately. Strong commands appear under additional forms.
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Basic
Non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Dictionary form | むく (muku)face |
| Polite, masu | むきます (mukimasu)face |
Negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative, nai | むかない (mukanai)do not face |
| Polite negative | むきません (mukimasen)do not face |
Past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past, ta | むいた (muita)faced |
| Polite past | むきました (mukimashita)faced |
Past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past negative | むかなかった (mukanakatta)did not face |
| Polite past negative | むきませんでした (mukimasendeshita)did not face |
Linking
Te form
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-form | むいて (muite)facing (and then) |
| Polite te-form | むきまして (mukimashite)facing (and then) |
Te iru
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Te-iru: ongoing action / resulting state | むいている (muiteiru)be facing |
| Polite te-iru | むいています (muiteimasu)be facing |
Conditional, ba
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, ba | むけば (mukeba)if you face |
| Rare literary polite conditional | むきますれば (mukimasureba)if you face (rare and literary). In ordinary polite conversation, use the plain conditional and make the main clause polite |
Conditional, tara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Conditional, tara | むいたら (muitara)if you face |
| Polite conditional, tara | むきましたら (mukimashitara)if you face |
Mood
Potential
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Potential | むける (mukeru)can face |
| Polite potential | むけます (mukemasu)can face |
Volitional
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Volitional | むこう (mukou)let's face! |
| Polite volitional | むきましょう (mukimashou)let's face! |
Desire, tai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Desire, tai | むきたい (mukitai)want to face |
| Polite desire, tai | むきたいです (mukitaidesu)want to face |
Voice
Passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Passive | むかれる (mukareru)be affected when someone faces |
| Polite passive | むかれます (mukaremasu)be affected when someone faces |
Causative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative | むかせる (mukaseru)make or let someone face |
| Polite causative | むかせます (mukasemasu)make or let someone face |
Causative passive
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Causative-passive | むかせられる (mukaserareru)be made to face |
| Polite causative-passive | むかせられます (mukaseraremasu)be made to face |
Commands
Negative imperative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Negative imperative | むくな (mukuna)do not face! |
| Polite negative request | むかないでください (mukanaidekudasai)please do not face |
Polite
Polite non past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite non-past form | むきます (mukimasu)face |
Polite negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite negative form | むきません (mukimasen)do not face |
Polite past
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past form | むきました (mukimashita)faced |
Polite past negative
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Polite past negative form | むきませんでした (mukimasendeshita)did not face |
Requests
Request with kudasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request with kudasai | むいてください (muitekudasai)please face |
Negative request
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Request not to act | むかないでください (mukanaidekudasai)please do not face |
Invitation with mashou
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Invitation with mashou | むきましょう (mukimashou)let's face! |
Permission
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Permission | むいてもいい (muitemoii)may face |
| Polite permission | むいてもいいです (muitemoiidesu)may face |
Not allowed
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Not allowed | むいてはいけない (muitehaikenai)must not face |
| Polite prohibition | むいてはいけません (muitehaikemasen)must not face |
Instruction with nasai
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Instruction with nasai | むきなさい (mukinasai)face (instruction) |
Aspect
Try doing
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Try doing | むいてみる (muitemiru)try to face |
| Polite try doing | むいてみます (muitemimasu)try to face |
Completion or regret
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Completion or regret | むいてしまう (muiteshimau)face completely or regrettably |
| Polite completion or regret | むいてしまいます (muiteshimaimasu)face completely or regrettably |
Preparation
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Preparation | むいておく (muiteoku)face in advance |
| Polite preparation | むいておきます (muiteokimasu)face in advance |
Past experience
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Past experience | むいたことがある (muitakotogaaru)have the experience of: faced |
| Polite past experience | むいたことがあります (muitakotogaarimasu)have the experience of: faced |
Conditions
Automatic result, to
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Automatic result, to | むくと (mukuto)whenever you face |
| Polite automatic result | むきますと (mukimasuto)whenever you face |
Given that, nara
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Given that, nara | むくなら (mukunara)if you mean to face |
Probability
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Probability | むくだろう (mukudarou)probably face |
| Polite probability | むくでしょう (mukudeshou)probably face |
Additional forms
Strong command
| Person, form or usage | Form and meaning |
|---|---|
| Imperative | むけ (muke)face! |
| Polite request | むいてください (muitekudasai)please face |
Forms from the Loquus reference. Only supplied forms are shown. Browse all Japanese entries.